Introduction Most humans have four lumbrical muscles in each hand numbered as first, second, third and fourth from the radial to ulnar side. Lumbrical muscles of the hand flex the second to fifth metacarpophalangeal joints and extend the interphalangeal joints of the fingers [1, 2]. The first and second lumbrical muscles originate from the radial side of the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) ten...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the validity of two abbreviated protocols (AP) of MRI in breast cancer screening of dense breast tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective study in 356 participants with dense breast tissue and negative mammography results. The study was approved by the Nanjing Medical University Ethics Committee. Patients were imaged with a full diagnostic protocol (FDP) of...

The human flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) sends tendons to all 4 fingers. One might assume that this multitendoned muscle consists of 4 discrete neuromuscular compartments each acting on a different finger, but recent anatomical and physiological studies raise the possibility that the human FDP is incompletely subdivided. To investigate the functional organization of the human FDP, we recorded...

The purpose of this study was to determine muscle tissue oxidative capacity and recovery in intermediate, advanced, and elite rock climbers. Forty-four male participants performed (a) sustained and (b) intermittent contractions at 40% of maximal volitional contraction (MVC) on a sport-specific fingerboard until volitional fatigue. Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to assess muscle tissue oxyg...

The ability to independently move the digits is limited by peripheral as well as central factors. A central limitation to independent finger movements might arise from the inability of the human nervous system to activate motor units (MUs) that exert force on one finger without also activating MUs that exert force on adjacent fingers. Short-term synchronization between MU pairs is thought to be...

Background: Internal Limiting Membrane (ILM) peeling with Gas tamponade after Pars Plana vitrectomy is routinely done in macular hole surgery. After the procedure, a face-down position (FDP) advised to patients promote closure by pushing bubble of against posterior pole. However, elderly and those medical comorbidities may feel uncomfortable FDP. A few post-operative complications also be cause...

We report here the clinical presentation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and successful surgical management associated with triceps tendon avulsion in a dog. A definitive diagnosis of triceps tendon avulsion was made based on MRI with evidence of displacement of the triceps tendon. Surgical correction of triceps tendon avulsion was performed with two horizontal mattress sutures using...

Avulsion fractures of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) are uncommon. On the basis of the site of damage of the PCL, hyperflexion, pretibial trauma, and hyperextension are proposed as mechanisms of PCL injuries. On the other hand, avulsion fractures of the tibial condyle are also rare. We report a PCL-mediated avulsion fracture of the lateral tibial condyle along with the tibial insertion o...