BACKGROUND Plasma fatty acid (FA) composition reflects dietary intake and endogenous turnover and is associated with health outcomes on a short and long term basis. The total plasma FA pool represents the composition of all FA containing lipid fractions. We developed a simplified and affordable high-throughput method for the analysis of total plasma FA composition, suitable for large studies. ...

In pigs, the optimal utilization of energy substrates within muscle fibers is a prerequisite of the utmost importance for successful adaptation to extra-uterine life. In the present work we demonstrate that fatty acid (FA) oxidative capacities increased within the first five days of life in piglet skeletal muscle. Mitochondrial FA oxidation capacities increased more in the rhomboideus oxidative...

Although normal fatty acids (FAs) are degraded via β-oxidation, unusual FAs such as 2-hydroxy (2-OH) FAs and 3-methyl-branched FAs are degraded via α-oxidation. Phytosphingosine (PHS) is one of the long-chain bases (the sphingolipid components) and exists in specific tissues, including the epidermis and small intestine in mammals. In the degradation pathway, PHS is converted to 2-OH palmitic ac...

The profile of trans-fatty acids and the protozoan population were evaluated in four ruminally fistulated sheep fed a diet with meadow hay: barley grain ratio (80:20%) plus sunflower oil (SO), rapeseed oil (RO) or linseed oil (LO) (5% wt/wt). The concentrate was daily mixed with individual oils and offered at 07.00 h. A 4 × 4 Latin square with 4-week periods was used. The concentration of trans...

Oxidative stress induced interactions between fatty acid (FA) and one-carbon metabolism may be involved in co-occurrence of major depressive disorder (MDD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), which have been scarcely studied together. In 137 recurrent MDD-patients vs. 73 age- and sex-matched healthy controls, we simultaneously measured key components of one-carbon metabolism in plasma (homocystei...

Lipids have physical, chemical, and physiological properties that make them important factors in human nutrition. They form a group of compounds of varied chemical nature that have the common property of being soluble in organic solvents but insoluble in water. This basic property affects their digestion, absorption, and transport in the blood and metabolism at cellular level. Firstly, fatty-ac...

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are increased in plasma lipids and blood cell membranes in response to supplementation. Whilst arachidonic acid (AA) is correspondingly decreased, the effect on other fatty acids (FA) is less well described and there may be site-specific differences. In response to 12 months EPA + DHA supplementation in doses equivalent to 0-4 portions ...

Leptin (OB), an adipocyte-secreted circulating hormone, and its receptor (OB-R) are key components of an endocrine loop that regulates mammalian body weight. In this report we have analyzed signal transduction activities of OB-R containing the fatty mutation [OB-R(fa)], a single amino acid substitution at position 269 (Gln --> Pro) in the OB-R extracellular domain that results in the obese phen...

The objective of this study was to evaluate self-fed byproducts on pasture reared finishing cattle. Major effects studied were animal performance, carcass traits and fatty acid (FA) profile with specific emphasis on conjugated linoleic acid (cis-9, trans-11–18:2; CLA). Eighty-two crossbred yearling steers were utilized in a 2 × 2 factorial design with implanted and non-implanted cattle fed eith...

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of oleic (OA), linoleic (LA) and α-linolenic (ALA) acid used as supplements (3.5% wt/wt) to a diet containing 80% lucerne and 20% barley on rumen fermentation and lipid metabolism in an artificial rumen (Rusitec). The experiment lasted 12 days with 6 days of stabilization period. The fatty acid (FA) supplementation to a mixed diet did not af...