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We investigated the renal response to direct renal nerve stimulation, 2 weeks following reversal of 24-hr unilateral (left) ureteric obstruction. Renal nerve stimulation caused a 13-15% fall in renal blood flow, in 4 groups of anaesthetised rats following ureteric obstruction (n=9) or a sham operation (n=7) both with (n=9) and without (n=7) treatment with the mixed ETA/B receptor antagonist, bo...

We thank Schimek for his thoughtful letter. We agree that the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) encourages bike paths; however, AASHTO’s definition of a bike path is a shared use path for pedestrians, skaters, wheelchair users, joggers, and other nonmotorized users. AASHTO discourages bicycle-only cycle tracks because, as noted by Schimek, AASHTO discou...

1 1 2 3 4 5 6 Distinctive receptive field and physiological properties of a wide-field amacrine cell in the macaque 7 monkey retina 8 9 10 Michael B. Manookin, Christian Puller, Fred Rieke, Jay Neitz, Maureen Neitz 11 Department of Ophthalmology, Physiology and Biophysics Department, HHMI, University of 12 Washington, Seattle, WA 98109 13 14 Corresponding authors: Michael B. Manookin (manookin@...

This research compares the role of initial individual characteristics to that of patterns of resolution in which successive dominance relationships are established during the formation of triads in the domestic hen. Combining weight, prior victory or defeat in the site of encounter, and comb size, we created three levels of asymmetries on characteristics for triads of hens. The effects of these...

The detection of biomarkers of oxidative stress in brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with HIV-1 dementia indicates the involvement of stress pathways in the neuropathogenesis of AIDS. While the biological importance of oxidative stress on events involved in AIDS neuropathogenesis and the HIV-1 proteins responsible for oxidative stress remain to be elucidated, our results point to...

We present here a six-species comparison of tree-ring growth response to extremes (below the 30th and above the 70th percentile) in temperature, precipitation, and corresponding streamflow. The species compared are Pinus edulis (PIED), Pseudotsuga menziesii (PSME), Pinus ponderosa (PIPO), Pinus flexilis (PIFL), Pinus aristata (PIAR), and Picea engelmannii (PCEN). Sensitivity was determined usin...

Histamine is involved in different physiological and pathological responses, such as immune response, gastric acid secretion or neurotransmission, as either angiogenesis or cancer. Histidine decarboxylase (HDC) catalyzes the formation of histamine from histidine. HDC has been suggested as a new marker for neuroendocrine differentiation, inflammatory pathologies and several leukemia and highly m...

This issue and the next issue of Prehospital and Disaster Medicine deal with the prevalence of and issues associated with terrorism from an international perspective. The papers included were collected and edited by Dr. Jeffrey Arnold, who has invested limitless hours in his desire to clarify the issues associated with terrorism. He has worked with each of the authors to provide the clearest po...