OBJECTIVE One putative benefit of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a reduced risk of diabetes or reduced fasting glucose level. We report here the association of HRT with proinsulin, insulin, and fasting and postchallenge glucose levels in older adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Current HRT use was validated and cross-sectionally compared with diabetes-related variables in 785 women wit...

OBJECTIVE To examine whether sleep duration and quality are associated with fasting glucose, fasting insulin, or estimated insulin resistance in a community-based sample of early middle-aged adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was an ancillary study to the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. Habitual sleep duration and fragmentation were estimated from 6 days...

During prolonged fasting physiological mechanisms defend lean tissue from catabolism. In the fasting state, glucose is derived solely from gluconeogenesis, requiring some catabolism of amino acids for gluconeogenic substrates. This creates a conflict in animals undergoing fasts concurrently with metabolically challenging activities. This study investigated glucose metabolism in fasting and deve...

In 1997, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) published updated criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes and states of glucose tolerance (1). Its recommendation that the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) not be routinely used to identify people with either diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) has fueled considerable controversy regarding the importance of such testing in either a clin...

Clinically, determination of insulin resistance is important for diabetic patients. We evaluated the relationship among 20/(fasting C-peptide × fasting plasma glucose), HOMA-IR and QUICKI indices in type 2 diabetic patients. The study included 40 patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients divided into three groups based on their medication: metformin, metformin + glibenclamide and metformin + glit...

BACKGROUND Abnormal resting arterial stiffness is present in middle-aged and elderly persons with abnormalities of fasting glucose (diabetes or impaired fasting glucose) and is associated with exercise intolerance. We sought to determine whether these same persons exhibited stress-related abnormalities of arterial stiffness. METHODS AND RESULTS We analyzed dobutamine magnetic resonance stress...

BACKGROUND There remains uncertainty regarding whether a single fasting glucose measurement is sufficient to predict risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. METHODS We included 12,594 pregnant women who underwent a 75-g oral glucose-tolerance test (OGTT) at 22-28weeks' gestation in the Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study, China. Outcomes were large for gestational age (LGA) baby, cesarean section, and...

The authors examined the associations of glucose tolerance status and fasting and 2-hour postload glucose levels with the risk of cancer death in a 19-year follow-up study of 2,438 Japanese subjects aged 40-79 years who underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (1988-2007). During follow-up, 229 subjects died of cancer. The risk of cancer death was significantly higher in subjects with fasti...

Diabetes and impaired fasting glucose are associated with incidence of cerebro-/cardio-vascular diseases. This study hypothesized that fasting glycemic status may reflect cerebrovascular risk in non-diabetic Koreans. Fasting glycemic status, lipid profiles, oxidative stress, and inflammation markers were measured in non-diabetic subjects (healthy controls, n = 112 and stroke n = 41). Systolic b...

BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that variations in fasting glucose and insulin amongst those without frank type 2 diabetes mellitus are important determinants of cardiovascular disease. However, the relative importance of variations in fasting insulin, glucose, and glycated haemoglobin as risk factors for cardiovascular disease in women without diabetes is unclear. Our aim was to determine the ind...