Epidemiologic studies have observed influences of the food environment near schools on children’s overweight status but have not systematically assessed the associations by race, sex, and grade. The authors examined whether the associations between franchised fast food restaurant or convenience store density near schools and overweight varied by these factors using data for 926,018 children (31...

A systematic review was conducted to examine the barriers to, and facilitators of, healthy eating among young people (11-16 years). The review focused on the wider determinants of health, examining community- and society-level interventions. Seven outcome evaluations and eight studies of young people's views were included. The effectiveness of the interventions was mixed, with improvements in k...

OBJECTIVE To identify the age of introduction of ultra-processed food and its associated factors among preschool children. METHODS Cross-sectional study carried out from March to June 2014 with 359 preschool children aged 17 to 63 months attending day-care centers. Time until ultra-processed food introduction (outcome variable) was described by the Kaplan-Meier analysis, and the log-rank test...

This study investigated community attitudes to fast food companies' sponsorship of community events. The aim was to inform future efforts to introduce greater restrictions on these marketing activities to reduce child obesity. While previous research has focused on the sponsorship of sporting events, the present study included all community events and gauged public support for fast food company...

Obesity has become a worldwide public health problem. Considerable research has shown that the media contribute to the development of child and adolescent obesity, although the exact mechanism remains unclear. Screen time may displace more active pursuits, advertising of junk food and fast food increases children's requests for those particular foods and products, snacking increases while watch...

OBJECTIVE To examine the impact of fresh fruit availability at worksites on the fruit and vegetable consumption and related psychosocial determinants of low-wage employees. DESIGN A prospective, randomized block experimental design. SETTING Seven apparel manufacturing and 2 food processing worksites. PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of 391 low-wage employees in 6 intervention worksites a...

Because of the important role that transportation, wholesaling, and retailing activities, commonly referred to as distribution or marketing activities, play most economies, a project is underway to develop a GTAP model and database that includes domestic margins. This paper reports on the type of margin data that has been collected and draws some general conclusions that will be useful in devel...

BACKGROUND In recent years supermarkets and fast food restaurants have been replacing those "wet markets" of independent vendors as the major food sources in urban China. Yet how these food outlets relate to children's nutritional intake remains largely unexplored. METHOD Using a longitudinal survey of households and communities in China, this study examines the effect of the urban built food...

This study explored the differences between 35 child-focused and 52 adult-focused food advertisements sampled from 45 hrs of British television. More child-focused advertisements contained claims of health benefits; scientific information; were shot in 'Leisure' settings; with male characters; had cartoons; and were often fantasy-based. Conversely, significantly more adult-focused advertisement...

STUDY OBJECTIVES To identify groups within the UK male and female population who report similar patterns of diet. DESIGN National representative dietary survey, using seven day weighed dietary records, of men and women aged 16-64 years living in private households in Great Britain in 1986-7. Cluster analysis was used to aggregate participants into diet groups. SETTING Great Britain. PARTI...