Two-photon fluorescence (TPF) microscopy of intrinsic fluorophores provides physiological and pathological information from biological tissues. Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) flavin (FAD) are two endogenous fluorescent coenzymes existing on the intracellular scale. Autofluorescence images NADH FAD have been applied to noninvasively record changes during metabolism, according t...

The flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (FAD-GDH) from Aspergillus species require suitable redox mediators to transfer electrons from the enzyme to the electrode surface for the application of bioelectrical devices. Although several mediators for FAD-GDH are already in use, they are still far from optimum in view of potential, kinetics, sustainability, and cost-effectiv...

Respiratory defective mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae previously assigned to complementation group G178 are characterized by an abnormally low ratio of FAD/FMN in mitochondria. A nuclear gene, designated FLX1, was selected from a yeast genomic library, based on its ability to confer wild-type growth properties to a representative G178 mutant. Genetic evidence has confirmed that the flavin n...

BACKGROUND We propose a 1-1-12 wash-in scheme for desflurane-nitrous oxide (N2O) low-flow anesthesia. The objective of our study was to determine the time to achieve alveolar concentration of desflurane (FAD) at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6%. METHODS We enrolled 106 patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia. After induction and intubation, wash-in was started with a fresh gas f...

FASS, STEVEN, AND RICHARD S. RIVLIN. Regulation of riboflavinmetabolizing enzymes in ribuj?auin de_ficiency. Am, J. Physiol. 217(4) : 988-99 1. 1969.-The effects of riboflavin deficiency in rats on the hepatic activities of flavokinase, FAD pyrophosphorylase, and FMN phosphatase, three enzymes involved in riboflavin metabolism, have been measured and compared to the hepatic concentrations of FA...

Formic acid decomposition (FAD) reaction has been an innovative way for hydrogen energy. Noble metal catalysts, especially palladium-containing nanoparticles, supported or unsupported, perform well in this reaction. Herein, we considered the simplest model, wherein one Pd atom is used as the FAD catalyst. With high-level theoretical calculations of CCSD(T)/CBS quality, we investigated all possi...

Through the monitoring of the auto-fluorescent mitochondrial metabolic coenzymes, NADH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) and FAD (Flavoprotein Adenine Dinucleotide), the redox state of metabolism can be probed in real time in many intact organs, but its use has not been fully developed in lungs. The ratio of these fluorophores, (NADH/FAD), referred to as the mitochondrial redox ratio (RR), ca...

Presenilin mutations are the main cause of familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD). Presenilins also play a key role in Ca(2+) homeostasis, and their FAD-linked mutants affect cellular Ca(2+) handling in several ways. We previously have demonstrated that FAD-linked presenilin 2 (PS2) mutants decrease the Ca(2+) content of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by inhibiting sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)...

Familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) is characterized by autosomal dominant heritability and early disease onset. Mutations in the gene encoding presenilin-1 (PS1) are found in approximately 80% of cases of FAD, with some of these patients presenting cerebellar damage with amyloid plaques and ataxia with unclear pathophysiology. A Colombian kindred carrying the PS1-E280A mutation is the largest k...

Hydrogen peroxide production by glucose oxidase (GOx) and its negative effect on laccase performance have been studied. Simultaneously, FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (FAD-GDH), an O2-insensitive enzyme, has been evaluated as a substitute. Experiments focused on determining the effect of the side reaction of GOx between its natural electron acceptor O2 (consumed) and hydrogen peroxide (pro...