natural frequency is one of the parameters that represent useful information about the dynamic behavior of structures. controlling this parameter can decrease the probability of damage under dynamic loading. weight optimization on layout and sizing with frequency constraints is a well known problem because of its highly non-linear behavior. improved ray optimization (iro) algorithm is utilized ...

The layout of irrigation water distribution networks is usually branched. In most of the previous studies pipe sizes of the network had been optimized assuming a predetermined layout of the distribution system. However, only few researches have focused on the simultaneous layout and pipe size optimization. In this study a hybrid approach is adapted for simultaneous layout and pipe size optimiza...

According to [1], the material handling cost comprises about 20-50% of the total operating cost of the facility layout. Typical research on facility layout concentrate on static layout problems where from-to charts are used to evaluate the layout. These layouts are not flexible enough to accommodate any future changes in production. Research on dynamic facility layout also has used the concept ...