meteorological radars estimate the precipitation using a reflection-precipitation relation as z=arb with a, b coefficients. these coefficients will change from one precipitation to the other one. for the tehran radars they are considered as a=200 and b=1.6. these values are proper when we have moderate precipitations. this assumption causes an error in the estimation of different precipitation ...

one of the most important goals in treating chronic diseases, especially asthma, is the promotion of quality of life (qol). the present study aimed at identifying the effect of educating method on the qol of children, who suffered from asthma.in this clinical trial study, 80 children aged 6-12 years with asthma were divided into two groups: control (face-to-face method) and experimental (visual...

purpose: to assess various aspects of integrating a virtual reality (vr) simulator in the training of ophthalmology residents methods: in this qualitative study, some aspects of the vr eyesi simulator as a health technology were assessed. data was collected using a multiple-choice questionnaire and several deep interviews addressed to users and administrators of simulator training. face and con...

STUDY DESIGN Observational study. PURPOSE To cross-culturally translate the Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (OMPQ) into Persian and then evaluate its psychometric properties (reliability, validity, ceiling, and flooring effects). OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE To the authors' knowledge, prior to this study there has been no validated instrument to screen the risk of chronicity i...

Objective: to describe the results of face and content validation of the questionnaire entitled Quality Improvement Implementation Survey, and of two complementary scales as part of the adaptation process to the Brazilian language and culture. Method: included the following stages: (1) translation and synthesis of translations; (2) consideration by the expert committee; (3) back translation; ...

PURPOSE To adapt a questionnaire in the Persian language measuring working conditions and health problems among nursing personnel. A further aim was to test the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. METHODS The adapted questionnaire was based on three well-established questionnaires. Physical working conditions items were from Nurse Early Exit Study. Psychosocial working conditions s...

AIM To translate the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) Measure into Croatian and validate the Croatian version of the questionnaire. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2011 in 8 general practices (GP) in Croatia. Following two stages of translation, back-translation, and pilot testing, the Croatian version of the CARE was tested on 568 consecutive patients. RESUL...