Human eyes convey a remarkable variety of complex social and emotional information. However, it is unknown which physical eye features convey mental states and how that came about. In the current experiments, we tested the hypothesis that the receiver's perception of mental states is grounded in expressive eye appearance that serves an optical function for the sender. Specifically, opposing fea...

The spatial and spectral properties of an eye can often be directly linked to the behaviour and habitat of the animal. In a honey bee (Apis mellifera) society, the drones use the well-developed dorsal part of the eye to detect the queen against the sky during her nuptial flight. Recently it has become clear that the dorsal area of the drone's eye serves its task by cleverly combining a number o...

A 72-year-old woman with decreased visual acuity secondary to an adult-onset vitelliform detachment was treated with three monthly intravitreal injections of 0.5 mg of ranibizumab. Treatment response was monitored by visual acuity and by the eye-tracking feature of the Heidelberg Spectralis spectral domain optical coherence tomography (Heidelberg Engineering, Inc., Carlsbad, CA). There was no i...

Retinal imaging is limited due to optical aberrations caused by imperfections in the optical media of the eye. Consequently, diffraction limited retinal imaging can be achieved if optical aberrations in the eye are measured and corrected. Information about retinal pathology and structure on a cellular level is thus not available in a clinical setting but only from histologi‐ cal studies of exci...

We present a practical method for reconstructing the optical system of the human eye from off-axis wavefront measurements. A retinal beacon formed at different locations on the retina allows probing the optical structure of the eye by the outgoing beams that exit the eye through the dilated pupil. A Shack-Hartmann aberrometer measures the amount of wave aberrations in each beam at the exit pupi...