Intraorbital foreign body (IoFB) presents an interesting therapeutic dilemma when located posterior in the orbit. Factors such as foreign body composition, inflammation, infection, functional deficit, and potential for iatrogenic damage are considered when choosing the appropriate treatment.

Dear Editor, Foreign body (FB) ingestion, fi shbones in particular, is commonly encountered in the emergency setting in Singapore.1,2 While most are removed in the clinic, small percentages with oesophageal FBs require removal under general anaesthesia. Prompt removal avoids potential lethal complications like mediastinitis and aorto-oesophageal fi stula.3-6 While imaging modalities like comput...

Background: Although still used in third world countries, amikacin has a harmful effect to be used intravitreally. Purpose: To report macular ischemia after an intravitreal injection of amikacin Methods: A case report regarding a traumatized eye of a 26-year-old man that was injected intravitreally with amikacin due to intraocular foreign body endophthalmitis Results: Angiography and OCT show m...

This study was conducted to investigate the clinical application of three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed computed tomography (CT) images in detecting and gaining information on esophageal foreign bodies (FBs). Two patients with esophageal FBs were enrolled for analysis. In both cases, 3D reconstructed images were compared with the FB that was removed according to the object shape, size, locatio...

FOREIGN bodies lodged in the eye following perforating injuries are serious ophthalmic emergencies. The retention of a foreign particle within the eye-ball may result in infection, sympathetic ophthalmitis, local irritative and chemical reaction apart from the mechanical damage caused at the time of the accident. The visual prognosis is extremely variable because of so many factors such as exte...

Purpose. To weigh ocular emergency events according to their severity. Methods. A group of ophthalmologists and researchers rated the severity of 86 common ocular emergencies using a Delphi consensus method. The ratings were attributed on a 7-point scale throughout a first-round survey. Then, the experts were provided with the median and quartiles of the ratings of each item to reevaluate the s...

R.N.K.: Consultant e Genentech, Inc.; Regeneron; Allergan; Financial support e Allergan; Regeneron; Advisory board e Genentech, Inc.; Lecturer e Genentech, Inc.; Regeneron P.U.D.: Consultant e Genentech, Inc.; Alcon (Fribourg, Switzerland); Alimera (Alpharetta, GA); Allergan; Aerpio (Cincinnati, OH); Novartis (Basel, Switzerland) S.G.: Employee e Genentech, Inc. L.H.: Employee e Genentech, Inc....

China is the most significant transition economy. It is most heavily engaged in international business and investment. China is the largest foreign direct investment (FDI) recipient in the developing countries, accounting for almost half of total FDI inflow in developing countries (World Investment Report, 1999). China is also unique because its transition continues to be planned by the state a...

The crisis on international financial markets that started in 2007 has shown the potential links between the financial sector and the real economy. Exports and foreign direct investment (FDI) have declined, presumably not only because of a lack of demand, but also because of restricted access of firms to external finance. In this paper, we explore the impact of access to external finance on fir...

Complements or Substitutes? Task Specialization by Gender and Nativity in Spain Learning about the impact of immigration on the labor market outcomes of natives is a topic of major concern for immigrant-receiving countries. There exists an extensive literature evaluating the impact of immigration on the employment and wages of natives in the U.S. Yet, despite the significant degree of occupatio...