Extracellular vesicles (EVs) provide real-time information about the physiological and pathological states of parental cells are potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Many methods isolating EVs from body fluids techniques analyzing biomolecules, including protein, nucleic acids, lipids, have emerged with clinical application.

The immunological potential of extracellular vesicles produced by Gram-negative bacteria, the so-called outer-membrane (OMVs), can be improved genetic engineering, resulting in containing multiple immunogens. this approach for development a vaccine candidate enteric fever was recently demonstrated Gasperini and colleagues.

Phenotypic changes induced by extracellular vesicles have been implicated in mesenchymal stromal cell-promoted recovery of AKI. MicroRNAs are potential candidates for cell reprogramming toward a proregenerative phenotype. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether microRNA deregulation inhibits the regenerative potential of mesenchymal stromal cells and derived extracellular vesicles in a mo...

Extracellular vesicles have emerged as important mediators of intercellular communication in cancer, including by conveying tumor-promoting microRNAs between cells, but their regulation is poorly understood. In this study, we report the findings of a comparative microRNA profiling and functional analysis in human glioblastoma that identifies miR-1 as an orchestrator of extracellular vesicle fun...

Extracellular vesicle or EV is a term that encompasses all classes of secreted lipid membrane vesicles. Despite being scientific novelties, EVs are gaining importance as a mediator of important physiological and pathological intercellular activities possibly through the transfer of their cargo of protein and RNA between cells. In particular, exosomes, the currently best characterized EVs have b...

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), comprised of exosomes, microparticles, apoptotic bodies, and other microvesicles, are shed from a variety of cells upon cell activation or apoptosis. EVs promote clot formation, mediate pro-inflammatory processes, transfer proteins and miRNA to cells, and induce cell signaling that regulates cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. T...

Systemic inflammation has a strong impact on brain function and contributes to the immediate and long-term development of various pathologies. The classic view is that a systemic inflammation influences the brain via the release of inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-1ß, IL6, TNFα), which in turn activate microglia directly or via endothelial cells but may also act on neurons. As a neural mechanism...

Parasitic diseases affect billions of people and are considered a major public health issue. Close to 400 species are estimated to parasitize humans, of which around 90 are responsible for great clinical burden and mortality rates. Unfortunately, they are largely neglected as they are mainly endemic to poor regions. Of relevance to this review, there is accumulating evidence of the release of e...