A system of three electrolytes separated by two parallel planes is considered. Each region is described by a dielectric constant and a Coulomb fluid in the Debye-Hückel regime. In their book Dispersion Forces, Mahanty and Ninham have given the van der Waals free energy of this system. We rederive this free energy by a different method, using linear response theory and the electrostatic Maxwell ...

TOUGHREACT (Xu et al., 2006) is a generalpurpose reactive geochemical transport numerical simulator. It deals with multiphase flow, solute transport and geochemical reactions including aqueous complexation, mineral dissolution/ precipitation and cation exchange. Making use of an extended Debye-Hückel ion activity model, this simulator can handle solutions concentrated to slightly above ~1 molal...

We present several aspects of the screening of charged macromolecules in an electrolyte. After a review of the basic mean field approach, based on the linear Debye-Hückel theory, we consider the case of highly charged macromolecules, where the linear approximation breaks down and the system is described by the full nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation. Some analytical results for this nonlinear...

The conclusion of classical Debye-Hückel theory that a phase separation may occur in highly unsymmetrical plasmas or electrolytes is shown to be false and to arise from a serious error in the treatment of the interaction of pairs of the most highly charged ions. After an approximate correction for this error, no phase separation is predicted. Specific application to iron in the solar plasmas is...

We present a novel, thermodynamically consistent modification of the Pitzer-Debye-Hückel term and its extension for concentration dependent density, molar mass relative permittivity. This is validated ionic liquids by comparison with reference model from literature and, in contrast to similar extensions, also applied conventional salts small spherical ions aqueous, mixed non-aqueous solvents. T...

We introduce a stochastic model of two-dimensional Brownian vortices associated with the canonical ensemble. The point vortices evolve through their usual mutual advection but they experience in addition a random velocity and a systematic drift generated by the system as a whole. The statistical equilibrium state of this stochastic model is the Gibbs canonical distribution. We consider a single...