In the absence of a global agreement to reduce emissions, Australia has adopted a carbon tax unilaterally to curb its own emissions. During the debate prior to passing the carbon tax legislation, there were concerns about the challenge that Australia’s emissions intensive and trade exposed (EITE) industries may face in terms of decreasing international competitiveness due to the unilateral natu...

This paper analyses the historical relationship between exports, imports, and national income growth in Australia and Canada, using over 100 years of data for each country. I test for the presence of ìexport-led growthî and ìimport-led growthî in both countries over several time intervals, interpreting these concepts to mean a unidirectional causal ordering. I find no evidence to support the ex...

In consideration of China’s enormous trade volumes since opening up and huge trade surplus especially with the developed countries, it is worried that the environment is sacrificed in the process of trade liberalization in China. Employing the environmental input-output analysis, this paper attempts to investigate whether international trade aggravates the environmental issues. Comparing pollut...

The relationship between exports, imports and economic growth of Ethiopia has been investigated in this paper for the period 1981-2018 by using annual data from World Bank. For analysis, Vector Auto Regressive Model, Johansen co-integration analysis Granger-Causality tests were implemented. outcome reveals that there is no relation Ethiopia. Conversely, we found a strong evidence bidirectional ...

in view of the importance of the meat imports and the exports of meat in iran, this study focuses on the status of the global market of meat imports the unit price test in these markets between the years 1961 and 2011 using the market cointegration approach. the results of this study are indicative of prices co-integration in the international market of meat as well as among such major importer...

This paper examines the effects of information and communications technology (ICT) on international trade in emerging markets. Using panel data for 40 emerging market economies (EMEs) for a period from 1995 to 2010, we estimate fixed effects models of exports and imports with ICT as the main explanatory variable of interest. Our ICT variables include the growth of telecom investment, internatio...

This article estimates income and price elasticities in foreign trade their practical applicationin Thirlwall's multilateral economic growth model for six of Colombia's main trading partners from 1986 to 2016. By using error correction models, we provide elasticity estimates. The results show that Colombia has a long-term exports is higher than imports, as well the imports exports. We conclude ...