Criminology is widely accepted to be an interdisciplinary subject. However, evolutionary approaches are conspicuous by their absence in mainstream criminological contexts. Although the reasons for this theoretical lacuna are no doubt varied, we argue that the time is apposite for a measured consideration of the role of evolutionary explanations in criminology. By drawing on the idea of vertical...

conclusions the number of linguistic studies on language and speech therapy is more than that of the studies in which clinical data are used to study the theories and hypotheses. therefore, it is necessary to consider this area seriously and guide the studies toward the theories proposed in the related disorders. thus, attention must be paid to pragmatic and semantic domains of the disorder whi...

A search through the psychology literature reveals a number of current popular evolutionary theories on the origin of schizophrenia. These Darwinian theories assume the fact of evolution, and then from this starting point go on to make unsubstantiated and implausible speculations, often untestable or practically so. Where testable, the scenarios are easily refuted, as they do not correlate with...

Selection of model organisms in the laboratory has the potential to generate useful substrates for testing evolutionary theories. These studies generally employ relatively long-term selections with weak selective pressures to allow the accumulation of multiple adaptations. In contrast to this approach, we analyzed two strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that were selected for resistance to mult...

....................................................................................................................... i Declaration of authorship ............................................................................................. iii Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................iv Table of contents ..............

In many domains of knowledge, from mechanics (McCloskey, 1983) to thermodynamics (Wiser, 1987) to astronomy (Vosniadou & Brewer, 1992), it has been claimed that conceptual development in the individual resembles theory change in the history of science. Here, Kampourakis takes issue with that claim in the domain of evolution. In particular, he argues (a) that early evolutionary theorists never c...

This paper introduces the concepts and ideas that frame this special issue on co-evolution in governance, their implications for policy learning adaptation. It offers a brief overview of co-evolutionary approaches to governance elementary connections with systems theories, post-structuralism, institutionalism, actor-network theory, explores how they are connected governance. Co-evolutionary dif...

Developing comprehensive theories of low-level neuronal brain processes and high-level cognitive behaviours, as well as integrating them, is an ambitious challenge that requires new conceptual, computational, and empirical tools. Given the complexities of these theories, they will almost certainly be expressed as computational systems. Here, we propose to use recent developments in grid technol...

Theories of learning are and always have been predominantly associative theories. However, in the study of animal learning, where these theories have historically been most dominant, a different conception is gaining ground. Whereas associative theories have their historical roots in the empiricist philosophy of mind, the alternative conception has its roots in evolutionary biology, more partic...

Why do we age? This question has baffled scientists for 150 years and remains unresolved. Scientists disagree over even the general nature of aging. Is aging the result of fundamental limitations that apply to all living things, do we age because our bodies do not try harder not to age, or are organisms designed by nature or " programmed " to age because a limited lifespan conveys some evolutio...