Evaporation estimates are often used in water balance calculations to determine seepage rates from feedyard holding ponds and lagoons. These estimates have been made using empirical equations derived for clear water, Class A Pan evaporation measurements using clear water, and rule-of-thumb estimates. However, feedyard effluent has different physical and chemical characteristics than clear water...

PURPOSE The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of crystal habit on the dissolution and in vitro antibacterial and anitiprotozoal activity of sulfadimidine:4-aminosalicylic acid cocrystals. METHODS Cocrystals were produced via milling or solvent mediated processes. In vitro dissolution was carried out in the flow-through apparatus, with shadowgraph imaging and mechanistic mathemati...

It was shown in the sixth paper of this series (Mueller, 1935c) that the organic substances present in a tissue extract (liver) which are essential for the growth of a strain of diphtheria bacillus, could be very considerably purified. The method consisted in vacuum concentration of a hot aqueous extract, precipitation with alcohol up to 95 per cent concentration, and removal of the alcohol in ...

Objectives. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Indonesian silkworm cocoon extract of Cricula triphenestrata on human fibroblasts. Methods and Materials. The cocoon shells of the silkworm Cricula triphenestrata were degumming. The shells were mixed with an aqueous solution of 0.3% Na(2)CO(3) at 98°C for 1 hour. The solution was then dialyzed in cellulose membranes against ...

We have systematically studied the self-organization of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), an electrochromic material, upon control of the solvent evaporation rate. We characterized these polymer films using atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements. Well-ordered P3HT structures were developed after solvent annealing; these highly crystalline structures exhibited enhanced electroch...

© Appl. Rheol. 15 (2005) 390–397 Abstract: We report on the design and implementation of an evaporation blocker for cone-plate and plate-plate geometries. In addition to minimizing sample evaporation by trapping the saturated vapor inside a sample chamber, an important feature of the evaporation blocker is the suppression of solvent transport through condensation. Validation tests with DI-water...

Micro/nanofluidic experiments in synthetic representations of tight porous media, often referred to as "reservoir-on-a-chip" devices, are an emerging approach to researching anomalous fluid transport trends in energy-bearing and fluid-sequestering geologic porous media. We detail, for the first time, the construction of dual-scale micro/nanofluidic devices that are relatively large-scale, two-d...

Optical beams are generally unbound in bulk media, and propagate with a velocity approximately amounting to the speed of light in free-space. Guidance and full spatial confinement of light are usually achieved by means of waveguides, mirrors, resonators, and photonic crystals. Here we theoretically demonstrate that nonlinear self-organization can be exploited to freeze optical beams in bulk nea...

the aim of this study was to prepare liposomes of acyclovir (acy) by thin layer evaporation (tle) and reverse phase evaporation (rev) methods. twenty-seven batches of liposomes from each method were prepared using technique of three variables at three levels (33) factorial design. drug/lipid (molar ratio), hydration volume and hydration time were considered three independent variables in tle me...