نتایج جستجو برای: eutrophication and ozone layer depletion was obtained 111
تعداد نتایج: 16933846 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The discovery of the ozone hole over Antarctica in 1985 was a surprise for science. For a few years the reasons of the ozone hole was speculated about. Soon it was obvious that predominant meteorological conditions led to a specific situation developing in this part of the atmosphere: Very low temperatures initiate chemical processes that at the end cause extreme ozone depletion at altitudes of...
By comparing the ozone depletion potential-weighted anthropogenic emissions of N2O with those of other ozone-depleting substances, we show that N2O emission currently is the single most important ozone-depleting emission and is expected to remain the largest throughout the 21st century. N2O is unregulated by the Montreal Protocol. Limiting future N2O emissions would enhance the recovery of the ...
The demand for more food is increasing fertilizer and land use, and the demand for more energy is increasing fossil fuel combustion, leading to enhanced losses of reactive nitrogen (Nr) to the environment. Many thresholds for human and ecosystem health have been exceeded owing to Nr pollution, including those for drinking water (nitrates), air quality (smog, particulate matter, ground-level ozo...
The use of agricultural machinery, fuel, fertilizers, and pesticides render agriculture dependent on energy and have negative environmental effects on water, air and land. Therefore, it is necessary to study the process of energy consumption for producting the different products and take the necessary measures to increase the efficiency and decrease the environmental effect of these inputs. In ...
Surrounding the earth at a height of about 25 kilometers is the stratosphere, rich in ozone, which prevents the sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV-B) rays from reaching the earth. UV-B rays have an adverse effect on all living organisms, including marine life, crops, animals and birds, and humans. In humans, UV-B is known to affect the immune system; to cause skin cancer, eye damage, and cataracts; ...
Currently, hydrogen is mainly produced through steam reforming of natural gas. However, this conventional process involves environmental and energy security concerns. This has led to the development of alternative technologies for (potentially) green hydrogen production. In this work, the environmental and energy performance of biohydrogen produced in Europe via steam reforming of glycerol and ...
Abstract One of the biggest energy consumers and CO2 emitters in world is steel sector. With growth infrastructure construction, output has risen year over year. Therefore, a life cycle assessment inputs outputs at each stage manufacturing process necessary to enable adoption management offer sustainable production consumption. The Life Cycle Assessment method employed this study assess environ...
The ozone molecule contains three atoms of oxygen and is mainly formed by the action of the ultraviolet rays of the sun on the diatomic oxygen molecules in the upper part of the Earth's atmosphere (called the stratosphere). Atmospheric pollution near the Earth's surface can form localized areas of ozone. The stratospheric ozone layer protects life on Earth by absorbing most of the harmful ultra...
A continual trend of ozone depletion has drawn much attention to the biologically harmful UV-B radiation from the Sun reaching the Earth’s surface. Satellite remote sensing provides a sole means of monitoring the global distribution of surface UVB. At present, there are very few inversion algorithms with sufficient accuracy and robustness for operational application. A new algorithm is proposed...
During springtime in the polar regions, unique photochemistry converts inert halide salt ions (e.g. Br) into reactive halogen species (e.g. Br atoms and BrO) that deplete ozone in the boundary layer to near zero levels. Since their discovery in the late 1980s, research on ozone depletion events (ODEs) has made great advances; however many key processes remain poorly understood. In this article ...
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