NO2 concentrations at the street level are a major concern for urban air quality in Europe and have been regulated under the EU Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution. Despite the legal requirements, limit values are exceeded at many monitoring stations with little or no improvement in recent years. In order to assess the effects of future emission control regulations on roadside NO2 concentrations...

Little is known about access to health care among the 35 to 40 million foreign-born people in Europe. Indeed, the European Commission has found that “While Member States identify immigrants among those particularly at risk of poverty and social exclusion, many countries still fail to provide in-depth analysis of the factors leading to this situation. Little attention is given to promoting acces...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to determine if a preoperative risk stratification model can identify different surgical costs. METHODS Four hundred and eighty-eight patients undergoing open heart surgery between March 2000 and March 2001 were classified with the EuroSCORE model. Direct variable costs were prospectively collected, surgical team costs excluded. The multivariate analysis was...

There is little risk of deflation and a liquidity trap in the euro area. Inflation and short-and long-term inflation expectations are relatively close to 2% per year. With the current short nominal interest rate at 2%, there is ample room for more expansionary monetary policy if needed, and there is no reason to doubt the effectiveness of standard monetary policy in the euro area. Although temp...

This project has the objective to investigate the economic and technical perspectives for the replacement of woody biomass with non-woody biomass in a biomass gasification process. Non-woody biomass fuels like straw, manure and sludge are cheap fuels with an increased chlorine, sulphur and ash content. A representative biomass composition for non-woody biomass is 13 wt% ash, 0.3 wt% chlorine an...

The vehicle emissions tests, which are performed using the Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS), indicate that diesel cars produce several times more NOx on road than during certification realised according to methodology New European Driving Cycle (NEDC). This fact initiated infamous "dieselgate" affair. It is a well-known reality current emission limits very strict and therefore seri...

BACKGROUND Based on the global predictions majority of deaths will be collectively caused by cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and traffic accidents over the coming 25 years. In planning future national health policy actions, inter - regional assessments play an important role. The purpose of the study was to analyze similarities and differences in premature mortality between Serbia, EURO A, EUR...

Use of Ethanol/Diesel Blend and Advanced Calibration Methods to Satisfy Euro 5 Emission Standards without DPF — The use of biofuels has been extensively developed in the last years to diversify energy resources and to participate to the transportation greenhouse gas emissions reduction effort. One of the most promising renewable fuels for large scale production is the ethanol which is nowadays ...

This is evident, for example, when students: ▲ investigate the interactions of liquids and powders that result in chemical reactions (e.g., vinegar and baking soda) compared to interactions that do not (e.g., water and sugar). ▲ in order to demonstrate the transformation of chemical to electrical energy, construct electrical cells from objects, such as lemons or potatoes, using pennies and alum...