Cosmetic Dermatology is a growing subspecialty. High-quality basic science studies have been published; however, few double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trials, which are the major instrument for evidence-based medicine, have been conducted in this area. Clinical research is essential for the discovery of new knowledge, improvement of scientific basis, resolution of challenges, and goo...

INTRODUCTION A national survey was recently conducted to explore medical education research priorities in Scotland. The identified themes and underlying priority areas can be linked to current medical education drivers in the UK. The top priority area rated by stakeholders was: 'Understanding how to balance service and training conflicts'. Despite its perceived importance, a preliminary scoping...

The paper extracted pertinent aspects of 21 years (1981-2001) of scientific cooperation among Zimbabwe's Blair Research Laboratory (BRL), the Biomedical Research and Training Institute (BRTI), and the Danish Bilharziasis Laboratory (DBL). DBL supported the building of research capacity at BRL through PhD-level training and short courses on research training organized by BRTI. The BRL-BRTI-DBL c...

Scientists planning research that involves the use of animals are required to examine the possibilities for replacement, reduction, or refinement (the Three Rs), and their protocol must be reviewed by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Good scientific practice involving appropriate search techniques on the available Three Rs resources is essential for both ethical and scientific r...

BACKGROUND Requirements for Institutional Review Board approval and informed consent for research involving human subjects have existed for more than 2 decades. However, evidence of fulfillment of these requirements is sometimes lacking in cardiovascular research reports in Argentina. Since ethical standards vary between committees, there may be some confusion among researchers regarding the ne...

ethics has become the bridge between morals, values, patient needs and effective treatment. medical ethics has a 2500 year history in medical education, but  it has only been in the last 30 years that it has come to terms of formal inclusion in medical curricula(1) .the purpose of contemporary dental education is that graduates will be competent in clinic and patient care with high level of  kn...

background as a legitimate and credible role-model, the ethical nurse leader engages in the proper structuring of the workplace and plays a significant role in improving the organizational climate. despite the importance of the subject, no studies have yet examined the effect of ethical nursing leadership in improving organizational climates in iran. objectives the study was conducted to explor...

background ethical climate is an important component of organizational culture. nurses’ perception of hospital ethical climate can influence their performance and attitudes related to ethical issues. this investigation explores a survey of nurses in different cultural settings to divulge their perceptions of ethical position responsibilities applicable to nursing practice. material and methods ...

during medical training, students obtain enough skills and knowledge. however, medical ethics accomplishes its goals when, together with training medical courses, it guides students behavior towards morality so that ethics-oriented medical practice is internalized. medical ethics is a branch of applied ethics which tries to introduce ethics into physicians’ practice and ethical decisions; thus,...