In this paper, a new approach for adaptive linearizing control of continuous fermentations with immobilized yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae BO 213 was proposed. Three fermentations with three different procedures of cells immobilization were investigated. The switching from batch to continuous mode of cultivation was realized automatically in time when the ethanol production rate reaches its ma...

For cost-effective and efficient ethanol production from lignocellulosic fractions of plant biomass, the conversion of not only major constituents, such as glucose and xylose, but also less predominant sugars, such as l-arabinose, is required. Wild-type strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the organism used in industrial ethanol production, cannot ferment xylose and arabinose. Although metaboli...

BACKGROUND Although the system for producing yellow corn grain is well established in the US, its role among other biofeedstock alternatives to petroleum-based energy sources has to be balanced with its predominant purpose for food and feed as well as economics, land use, and environmental stewardship. We model land usage attributed to corn ethanol production in the US to evaluate the effects o...

Using isolated Leydig cells prepared from adult rat testes, the effects of ethanol on testicular steroido genesis were examined in vitro. Ethanol over a dosage range of 25 to 1000 mg 3⁄4 markedly inhibited gona dotropin-stimulated testosterone production in a dose-dependent fashion. As little as 25 mg 3⁄4 (ca. 6 mM) ethanol was effective in reducing testosterone synthesis by 50%. By using 0.5 m...

Ethanol is an important target for the renewable production of liquid transportation fuels. It can be produced biologically from pyruvate, via pyruvate decarboxylase, or from acetyl-CoA, by alcohol dehydrogenase E (AdhE). Thermophilic bacteria utilize AdhE, which is a bifunctional enzyme that contains both acetaldehyde dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase activities. Many of these organisms ...

A bstract. Consumption of alcohol causes hyperuricemia by decreasing urate excretion and increasing its production. Our previous studies indicate that ethanol administration increases uric acid production by increasing ATP degradation to uric acid precursors. To test the hypothesis that ethanol-induced increased urate production results from acetate metabolism and enhanced adenosine triphosphat...