Gender differences in personal saving behaviors among single person households were investigated using the 2007 Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF). Determinants of short-term and regular saving behavior were found to differ by gender. Women (n = 702) were less likely to save in the short term if they were in poor health, while poor health did not significantly affect the short term saving of men...

An ongoing investigation into the declining participation of women in IT education and professional level work has recently focused on professional women’s perceptions of the IT industry. This paper presents some of the findings from a discourse analysis of interviews with thirty-two female and two male IT professionals. The analysis identified a distinctive characteristic of the women’s discou...

Prior research shows that individual perceptions of victims play an integral role in the societal response to domestic violence, as well as victims’ responses to their own victimization. However, little research has specifically examined individual perceptions of domestic violence victims who remain in abusive relationships. This study begins to fill the void in the literature by examining coll...

on discussion about managerial ability of women outside home, social scientists refer to the wide range of women in labor force on one hand and to the discrimination against women on the other. although women occupation is considered as an evidence of change, but providing opportunities for them in order to fulfill their abilities is of primer significance. this requires identification and eval...

Research on domestic violence has identified many factors behind an abused woman’s decision to stay in, rather than leave, the relationship, including economic concerns, psychological issues, and social consequences from society and the woman’s family and friends. The current article expands on Long and McNamara’s (1989) and Bell and Naugle’s (2005) discussions of how operant learning principle...

Information and Communication Technology is a compendium of interrelated applications, products and services that can either deepen or alter gender equality. It has successfully transformed education, businesses, healthcare, entertainment, politics and good governance within the Global North; providing equitable access to developmental framework driven by ICTs. However, in drafting the core dev...

access to stable development requires organized participation of all people, including women in all institutes. reduction of limitations and increase in legal authority of women are necessary to achieve the highest rate of participation. in this regard, a developmental approach demands a balanced increase in the legal knowledge, organizational authorities and civil demands of women particularly...

Social health is essential to social development of rural communities, especially rural women, in order to promote their welfare as well as their human and social capital. The present research was applied in terms of objective, and it was implemented using different approaches to examine the social health of rural women and its determinants in Kermanshah Province, Iran. The research method was ...

A hybrid method combining the FR conjugate gradient method and the WYL conjugate gradient method is proposed for unconstrained optimization problems. The presented method possesses the sufficient descent property under the strong Wolfe-Powell SWP line search rule relaxing the parameter σ < 1. Under the suitable conditions, the global convergence with the SWP line search rule and the weak Wolfe-...