Human migration, both voluntary and precipitated by conflict and persecution, continues to pose challenges to the healthcare infrastructure of host countries. The scale of international migration to Ireland has increased substantially in recent years. Both economic migrants and refugees have complex health needs including those related to infectious diseases, malnourishment, gender-specific iss...

The decline in health insurance coverage among workers from 1979 to 1995 can be accounted for almost entirely by the fact that per capita health care spending rose much more rapidly than personal income during this time period. We simulate health insurance coverage levels for 1996–2005 under alternative assumptions concerning the rate of growth of spending. We conclude that reduction in spendin...

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is well known for the its exceptional nutritional and medicinal properties throughout world. From past, whole plant including leaves, seeds, ripe unripe fruits their juice used as a traditional medicine. The fruit has large oval shape, yellowish – green yellow flesh. Phytochemically it contains enzymes papain, chymopapin, which biologically actives value. They also con...