We have simulated a system of classical particles confined on the surface of a sphere interacting with a repulsive r potential. The same system simulated on a plane with periodic boundary conditions has van der Waals loops in pressure-density plots which are usually interpreted as evidence for a first order melting transition, but on the sphere such loops are absent. We also investigated the st...

Under certain kinetic or thermodynamic conditions, proteins make large conformational changes, formally called state transitions, resulting in significant changes in their chemical or biological functions. These dynamic properties of proteins can be studied through molecular dynamics simulation. However, in contrast to conventional dynamics simulation protocols where an initial-value problem is...

The continuous casting process of metals and alloys is nowadays frequently utilized in metallurgical industry, and more general in material engineering. Typically, the liquid material flows into the mould (crystallizer) having the walls cooled by flowing water. The solidifying ingot is pulled out by the withdrawal rolls. Below the mould the side surface of the ingot is very intensively cooled b...

The response of a soap film to the continuous deformation of its wire boundary is considered, with particular attention to the topological transitions that can occur at critical stages of the deformation process. Two well-known examples that have been studied by both theory and experiment are the catenoid suspended between circular wires in parallel planes, and the Möbius-strip soap film spanni...

No abstract. Erratum After publication of the original article [1] it came to the Publisher's attention that the first author's name had been listed incorrectly. The list of authors has now been corrected. We apologise for any inconvenience this has caused. which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Prey organisms often use multiple sensory cues to gain reliable information about imminent predation threat. In this study we test if a freshwater fish increases the reliance on supplementary cues when the reliability of the primary cue is reduced. Fish commonly use vision to evaluate predation threat, but may also use chemical cues from predators or injured conspecifics. Environmental changes,...

The classical scalar massive field satisfying the Klein-Gordon equation in a finite one-dimensional space interval of periodically varying length with Dirichlet boundary conditions is studied. For the sufficiently small mass, the energy can exponentially grow with time under the same conditions as for the massless case. The proofs are based on estimates of exactly given mass-induced corrections...

x(n + 1) : x(n)exp Jr (n ) (1 x(n) K(n) ] J ' where {r(n)} and {K(n)} are positive w-periodic sequences. Sufficient conditions are obtained for the existence of a positive and globally asymptotically stable w-periodic solution. Counterexamples are given to illustrate that the conclusions in [1] are incorrect. (~) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

We propose the exact boundary S matrix for breathers of theN = 2 supersymmetric sine-Gordon model. We argue that this S matrix has three independent parameters, in agreement with a recently-proposed action. We also show, contrary to a previous claim, that the “universal” supersymmetric boundary S matrix commutes with two supersymmetry charges. General N = 2 supersymmetric boundary integrable mo...