低流量麻酔に際してガス流量を気にする一方，周術期の吸入酸素濃度に私達はどれだけ関心を持っているだろうか？ 導入時の高濃度酸素投与は想定外の気道確保困難に備える確立した対処法の一つである．導入時の高濃度酸素は短時間でも容易に吸収性無気肺を生じる．近年，周術期の酸素濃度と手術創感染の関連が注目されている．2016年，WHOは創感染を減らす目的で全身麻酔下の手術患者に80％酸素投与を推奨したが，その優位性を否定する研究が相次いだこと，ガイドラインの根拠論文に浮上した疑義等により，ガイドライン第2版では推奨の程度を弱めた．酸素は治療域の狭い薬であるとの認識を持って適切な濃度を投与すべきである．

Computer P rogram understanding is a major factor in providing effective software maintenance and enabling successful evolution of computer systems. For years, researchers have tried to understand how programmers comprehend programs during software maintenance and evolution. Five types of tasks are commonly associated with software maintenance and evolution: adaptive, perfective, and corrective...

Most of the brand new items are released on the market with a certain type of warranty. A xed length warranty period is assumed in this paper. A maintenance policy which consists of minimal repair and preventive maintenance is analyzed for the case of known and unknown failure parameters of the item's lifetime distribution. For the second case, two types of Bayesian policies are considered. An ...

BACKGROUND There may be great individual variability in the hemodynamic effects of this dexmedetomidine. For this reason, the dose must be carefully adjusted to achieve the desired clinical effect. Whether a loading dose of dexmedetomidine produces hemodynamic side effects during the anesthesia maintenance is unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a loading dose of dexmede...

Managing uncertainty in complex domains requires a exible and semantically sound knowledge representation. This is especially important during the initial knowledge engineering and subsequent maintenance of the knowledge base. We present a new model of knowledge representation called Bayesian Knowledge Bases. It uniies a \if-then" style rules with probability theory. We can prove that such a me...

In this paper, we focus on a continuously deteriorating critical equipment which its failure cannot be measured by cost criterion. For these types of systems like military systems, nuclear systems, etc it is extremely important to avoid failure during the actual operation of the system. In this paper we propose an approach which constrains failure probability to a pre-specified value. This valu...

Emerging evidence supports an important role for the heme oxygenase system (HO-1) in the maintenance of a healthy pregnancy, especially during pathological challenge. HO-1 is widely accepted to be a highly sensitive and reliable marker of oxidative stress. Hence the present study was planned to analyse heme oxygenase-1 and lipid profile in maternal and cord blood venous samples of normal pregna...