Objective: to describe the case of a Brazilian Amazon woman presenting macroscopic melanosis coli associated with the chronic use of laxative herbal teas. Case Report: a 48years-old woman was referred for evaluation of a diffuse abdominal pain, intestinal meteorism, gastric plenitude, eructation and chronic constipation. The patient confirmed the use of laxatives and herbal teas as auto-medicat...

BACKGROUND Colo-duodenal fistula is a rare complication of malignant and inflammatory bowel disease. Cases with malignant colo-duodenal fistulae can present with symptoms from the primary, from the fistula or from metastatic disease. The fistula often results in diarrhoea and vomiting with dramatic weight loss. Upper abdominal pain is usually present as is general malaise both from the presence...

BACKGROUND A surprisingly low number of children became ill with giardiasis during the large waterborne outbreak of Giardia lamblia in Bergen, Norway during autumn 2004. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of giardiasis among exposed children one year after an outbreak and compare faecal carriage of Giardia and abdominal symptoms among exposed versus unexposed children o...

AIMS To evaluate the safety and efficacy of once-weekly dulaglutide 1.5 mg, a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, compared with placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) on glimepiride monotherapy. METHODS This phase III, randomized (4 : 1; dulaglutide:placebo), double-blind, placebo-controlled, 24-week study compared the safety and efficacy of once-weekly dulaglutide 1...

The goal of this study was to examine the development of the reticulum, rumen, omasum and abomasum in six calves from birth to 100 days of age by means of six serial ultrasonographic examinations. The examinations were carried out in standing animals using a 5 MHz-transducer as described previously. The calves were primarily fed milk until examination 4 and then they were weaned. The reticulum ...

Perillyl alcohol (POH; NSC-641066), a naturally occurring monoterpene, has shown antitumor and preventive activity in preclinical studies in rodent models. Drug-related activities that have been observed include the induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, the inhibition of posttranslational modification of proteins that are involved in signal transduction, and differential gene regulation. W...

CONTEXT GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) are unique antidiabetic agents that have the ability to lower blood glucose without causing hypoglycemia, while at the same time promoting weight loss. Information on the efficacy and safety of GLP-1 RA in the Indian diabetic population is limited. AIMS (1) To evaluate the effect of GLP-1 RA, Liraglutide on glycemic control, and weight in obese India...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The changes of clinical symptoms and the tolerability of Prospan((R)) acute Effervescent Cough Tablets were investigated in a multicenter, prospective post-marketing surveillance (PMS) study focusing on patients with chronic bronchitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 1,350 male and female patients aged 4 years and above who were treated in one of 135 partici...

It is now over 125 years since Maurice Raynaud first described his clinical syndrome. ' By definition, it is episodic digital ischaemia provoked by cold and emotion. It is classically manifest by pallor of the affected part followed by cyanosis and rubor. The pallor reflects vasospasm, the cyanosis results from removal of oxygen from the static venous blood, and rubor is caused by reactive hype...

BACKGROUND Patients with aerophagia are believed to have excessive belches due to air swallowing. Intraluminal impedance monitoring has made it possible to investigate the validity of this concept. METHODS The authors measured oesophageal pH and electrical impedance before and after a meal in 14 patients with excessive belching and 14 healthy controls and identified patterns of air transport ...