INTRODUCTION The 12-item Expectations Regarding Aging (ERA-12) instrument measures expectations that individuals have about how their health and cognitive function will be when they age. To date, primarily assessed among older adults in Western settings, expectations regarding ageing have been associated with physical activity and healthcare seeking behaviour. It has been suggested that it may ...

Formalizing goals and objectives within any organization is influenced by many socio-historical factors. To identify the trend in which educational goals and objectives within the Iranian educational system have evolved in terms of the approach, pattern, performance, and attending to individual differences, a historical analysis was undertaken. Findings are indicative of four eras: first, the c...

Two suppressor mutations of the temperature-sensitive DNA primase mutant dnaG2903 have been characterized. The gene responsible for suppression, era, encodes an essential GTPase of Escherichia coli. One mutation, rnc-15, is an insertion of an IS1 element within the leader region of the rnc operon and causes a polar defect on the downstream genes of the operon. A previously described polar mutat...

Resistance to hormonal therapies is a major clinical problem in the treatment of estrogen receptor a–positive (ERaþ) breast cancers. Epigenetic marks, namely DNA methylation of cytosine at specific CpG sites (5mCpG), are frequently associated with ERaþ status in human breast cancers. Therefore, ERa may regulate gene expression in part via DNA methylation. This hypothesis was evaluated using a p...

According to the life cycle model of technological evolution, after the emergence of a dominant design, technological product industries undergo an “era of incremental change.” This era of incremental change is not well understood in the existing literature. Although the period is typically characterized in terms of stability and minimal innovation, we find that the era of incremental change ca...

ندارد

the abbasid era has been the period of florescence of the islamic culture and civilization. literature was of great contention in this era.the present article studies the relationship between translation and literary criticism which resulted in changes in the basic theories of literary criticism by critics.

timur began his domination by the help he received from parts of the chaghataid troops. then and concurrent to extending his realm and power, he recruited defeated populations as new part of his army. simultaneously he established household – provincial powers in his occupations which his sons and grandsons ruled over them. this political – administrative tradition was followed by his successor...