Mass casualty events and disasters, both natural and human-generated, occur frequently around the world and can generate scores of injured or ill victims in need of resources. Of the available medical supplies, oxygen remains the critical consumable resource in disaster management. Strategic management of oxygen supplies in disaster scenarios remains a priority. Hospitals have large supplies of...

Historically, the locations of cities mainly depend on the available water source and the urban river not only supplies the fresh water to city but also receives its wastewaters. To analyze the influences of urban zone on its receiving water river, the Jialu River in Henan Province, China, a typical urban river was chosen. Water and sediment samples were collected along the river in 2007 to ana...

Array detector-based instruments are now fundamental to measurements of ozone and other atmospheric trace gases from space in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared. The present generation of such instruments suffers, to a greater or lesser degree, from undersampling of the spectra, leading to difficulties in the analysis of atmospheric radiances. We provide extended analysis of the undersampli...

(a) Why do we single out this intersection and call the price there “equilibrium price”? What makes this price different from other prices, and what do we mean by equilibrium?ANSWER. This special price at the intersection is the market clearing price. It is (usually) the only price at which the quantity demanded of the good is equal to the quantity supplied. We (economists) tend to believe that...

This paper addresses a multiperiod integrated model that plans deliveries to customers based upon inventories (at warehouse and customer locations) and vehicle routes. The model determines replenishment quantities and intervals at the warehouse, and distribution lots and delivery routes at customer locations. We investigate coordination of customer and warehouse replenishment decisions and illu...

Consider a manufacturer that sells goods to a retailer. When each party makes independent decisions, one party’s replenishment quantity may not be preferred by the other. Coordinated decision making, however, can help achieve system-wide optimality. It may reduce the need for inventories and lower the shipping costs, or enable improved utilization of resources at the manufacturer. Here, we pres...

Function Its purpose was to treat patients whose degree of subnormality was such that operative procedures with local anaesthesia and sedation would be difficult and rarely successful. Full general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation and throat pack made it possible for the most intractable patient to have the necessary treatment completed in one visit. The theatre is equipped with all the...

The proliferation of both online and bricks and mortar outlet stores underscores the observation that secondary markets are readily accessible to retailers of short−life−cycle products. These secondary markets provide recourse channels for retailers to sell excess inventory of out of favor items at reduced prices when overstocking occurs in a primary market. We study the problem of determining ...

Strong competition and the high demands of consumergoods companies for just-in-time delivery together with high standards of product and service quality are turning the top end of the corrugated-board box market into a very tough place to be. Customers order a large variety of different boxes, each with its own colour scheme and product specific printing, and expect them to be delivered at very...