Both liquidus and subsolidus phase equilibrium data are of central importance for applications of high temperature supercon-ductors in the (Bi, Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system, including material synthesis, melt processing and single crystal growth. The sub-solidus equilibria of the 110 K high-Tc Pb-doped 2223 ([Bi, Pb], Sr, Ca, Cu) phase and the location of the primary phase field (crystallization field...

In this study, Ti-based metallic glass matrix composites with high plasticity have been developed by controlling characteristic and volume fraction of primary phase embedded in the glass matrix. By careful alloy design procedure, the compositions of b/glass phases, which are in metastable equilibrium have been properly selected, therefore the mechanical properties can be tailored by selecting t...

The balanced truncation method for reducing the size of a model was originally developed for linear systems. When extended to nonlinear systems, some considerationsmust be faced. First of all, the calculation of the balancing transformationmatrix is not unique. This may results in nonphysical values for the reconstructed states, which may lead to failure, for example, in thermodynamic routines....

It is broadly accepted that so-called 'thermal' gas is the product of thermal cracking, 'primary' thermal gas from kerogen cracking, and 'secondary' thermal gas from oil cracking. Since thermal cracking of hydrocarbons does not generate products at equilibrium and thermal stress should not bring them to equilibrium over geologic time, we would not expect methane, ethane, and propane to be at eq...

The binding of platinum (II)-terpyridine complexes to DNA was studied by using equilibrium dialysis. Optical absorption methods were used to measure the ability of the ligands to aggregate in aqueous buffer. Scatchard plots for the binding of the monomeric [Pt(terpy)SC4H9]+ cation to DNA at I0.01 are curvilinear, concave upwards, suggesting two modes of binding. The association constant decreas...

The isotopic compositions of water vapour and its condensates have long been used as tracers of the global hydrological cycle, but may also be useful for understanding processes within individual convective clouds. We review here the representation of processes that alter water isotopic compositions during processing of air in convective updrafts and present a unified model for water vapour iso...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors causing falling among patients with schizophrenia hospitalized in psychiatric hospitals. [Subjects and Methods] The study subjects were divided into either those having experienced a fall within the past one year (Fall group, 12 patients) and those not having experienced a fall (Non-fall group, 7 patients), and we examined differ...

New data are presented on the phase equilibria and crystal chemistry of the binary systems Sr0-Bi203 and SrO-CuO and the ternary system SrO-Bi2O3-CuO. Symmetry data and unit cell dimensions based on single crystal and powder x-ray diffraction measurements are reported for all the binary SrO-Bi2O3 phases, including a new phase identified as Sr6Bi2O9. The ternary system contains at least four ter...

BACKGROUND Proteins of various compositions are required by organisms inhabiting different environments. The energetic demands for protein formation are a function of the compositions of proteins as well as geochemical variables including temperature, pressure, oxygen fugacity and pH. The purpose of this study was to explore the dependence of metastable equilibrium states of protein systems on ...

The problem of determining the molecular weight of DNA samples by sedimentation equilibrium in a buoyantcdensity gradient is considered for the case of DNA samples with density heterogeneity. By determining apparent molecular weights in two or more buoyant mediums, quantitative measure of the amount of density heterogeneity can be determined. This method may be employed to determine both the tr...