This paper demonstrates the development of indirect potable reuse (IPR) in the United States. A legislative review and a survey of plants show that IPR is becoming an integral part of water reclamation. Public resistance is the limiting factor to its development while technology is not.

Serum enzyme assays used on four different analysers (Hitachi 737, Hitachi 705, Cobas-bio and RA-2X) were compared by determining the activity of seven different enzymes (AST, ALT, LD, ALP, GGT, CK and AMS). Performance checks (quality control procedure) and replications (the study of the total analytic imprecision and of its components) were conducted and the methods were compared by linear re...

Cellulose, the major constituent of all plant materials and the most abundant organic molecule on the Earth, is a linear biopolymer of glucose molecules, connected by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose requires mixtures of hydrolytic enzymes including endoglucanases, exoglucanases (cellobiohydrolases), and β-glucosidases acting in a synergistic manner. In biopolymer hydro...

The Selected Method [Clin. Chem. 20, 396 (1974)] for the enzymatic assay of alpha1-antitrypsin in serum has been adapted for use with the E.N.I.-GEMSAEC. With alpha-N-benzoyl-D,L-arginine-p-nitroanilide as substrate, the difference between the tryptic activity measured with and without addition of serum in the same run has been used to calculate the trypsin-inhibitory capacity. The rate of incr...

The dose/response curve in enzyme-multiplied immunoassays (EMIT) and related techniques may be described by the same "four-parameter logistic function" as has proven useful in radioimmunoassays, immunoradiometric assays (IRMA), and two-site immunoradiometric ("sandwhich") assays. This function provides an empirical description of the dose/response curve by use of an objective least-squares regr...

Gold nanoparticles were coated with a short peptide to promote intracellular delivery of membrane-impermeable proteins. Through microscopy and enzyme assays, we demonstrated the particles were able to transport functional enzymes into a variety of cell lines. Significantly, the transported proteins were able to escape from endosomes. Moreover, these particles showed no apparent cytotoxicity.

We have additional fi ndings regarding our study in CHEST (May 2013) 1 of gastric-to-pulmonary aspiration in adult surgical patients undergoing elective intubation. Th e original study used an enzymatic assay for identifi cation of pepsin A. Since publication, our group has validated an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) for pepsin A, which we subsequently used to analyze the same airway...

This study investigated the antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties of Myrtus communis leaves. Three different solvents including methanol, 50%-methanol, water were used to extract M. communis. In addition, total bioactive compounds evaluated by using phenolic flavonoid content assays. assays, displayed highest potential. The MeOH demonstrated effect against AChE (4.38 mg GALAE/g), BChE (1...

An assay for measuring hexosaminidase A in serum and leucocytes is described in which a centrifugal analyser is used for automation of the enzyme assays after manual heat inactivation. The assay was used in a screening programme to identify heterozygotes for Tay-Sachs disease in Ashkenazi Jewish subjects in the UK. The first results from this programme indicate a carrier frequency of 1 in 27. A...

There is a need for simple, accurate, and rapid analysis of ethanol (Eth) and acetaldehyde (AA) in a wide variety of beverages and foods. A novel enzymatic assay coupled to formation of fluorescent chromophore is presented. Eth detection was further improved by adding semicarbazide to the reaction mixture, which interacts with AA and prevents its inhibitory effect on Eth oxidation. The limits o...