Biofuels have been identified as suitable in combating climate change a result of green gas emissions from fossil fuels. Bioethanol is biofuel lignocellulosic biomass considered viable renewable energy alternative to However, the recalcitrance feedstocks due presence lignin, creates barrier glucose fermentation. This study compares enzymatic and dilute acid hydrolyses cellulose substrates obtai...

Nanoporous gold (referred to as np-Au or NPG) has emerged over the past 10 years as a new support for enzyme immobilization. The material has appealing features of ease of preparation, tunability of pore size, high surface to volume ratio, and compatibility with multiple strategies for enzyme immobilization. The np-Au material is especially of interest for immobilization of redox enzymes for bi...

BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass has the potential to be a major source of renewable sugar for biofuel production. Before enzymatic hydrolysis, biomass must first undergo a pretreatment step in order to be more susceptible to saccharification and generate high yields of fermentable sugars. Lignin, a complex, interlinked, phenolic polymer, associates with secondary cell wall polysaccharides, r...

Enzyme based bioelectronics have attracted increasing interest in recent years because of their applications on biomedical research and healthcare. They also have broad applications in environmental monitoring, and as the power source for portable electronic devices. In this review, the technology developed for fabrication of enzyme electrodes has been described. Different enzyme immobilisation...

BACKGROUND Butanol is not only an important solvent and chemical intermediate in food and pharmaceutical industries, but also considered as an advanced biofuel. Recently, there have been resurging interests in producing biobutanol especially using low-cost lignocellulosic biomass, but the process still suffers from low titer and productivity. The challenge for the bioconversion approach is to f...

A three-dimensional microfluidic origami glucose-air immuno-biofuel cell has been successfully demonstrated for the first time to implement self-powered, sensitive, and low-cost sandwich immunoassay for cancer markers based on the signal amplifications of a porous Au-paper electrode and Au nanoparticles attached to carbon nanotubes.

Glucose/O(2) biofuel cells (BFCs) with an improved power density and stability were developed, using glucose oxidase (GOD) nanotubes with polypyrrole (PPy)-carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-GOD layers deposited on their surface as an anode and a PPy-laccase-2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) diammonium salt (ABTS) film type cathode. The GOD nanotubes were fabricated within the nanopores o...

Glucose Oxidation Using Oxygen Resistant Pyranose-2Oxidase for Biofuel Cell Applications Samet Sahin*, Thanyaporn Wongnate, Pimchai Chaiyen, Eileen H. Yu* Newcastle University, School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, Merz Court, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, NE1 7RU, UK Department of Biochemistry and Center of Excellence in Protein Structure and Function Faculty of Science, Mahid...