Thirty-two strains of Escherichia coli belonging to a new O group, O166, were examined. Twenty-one strains had the flagella antigen H27, five had the H15 antigen, five had the H7 antigen, and one was nonmotile. All the H27 strains and the nonmotile strain produced heat-stable enterotoxin but not heat-labile enterotoxin. All the H7 strains produced heat-labile enterotoxin but not heat-stable ent...

A total of 249 strains of mesophilic Aeromonas including 179 A. hydrophila and 70 A. caviae were tested for production of cholera-like enterotoxin by reversed passive latex agglutination (RPLA) assay. A cholera-like enterotoxin neutralized with cholera antitoxin was demonstrated in the culture filtrates from eight (4.5%) of the 179 A. hydrophila strains, while none of A. caviae strains revealed...

Of 124 staphylococcal strains isolated from sheep milk, 78 produced enterotoxin A, B, C, or D when evaluated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Enterotoxins A and D, elaborated by 44 and 43 strains, respectively, showed the highest incidence. Enterotoxin production by coagulase-negative strains (one Staphylococcus cohnii, three S. epidermidis, five S. haemolyticus, and four S. xylosus) wa...

Pyrogenic responses, ranging up to 4.8 F, were induced in cats by oral administration of highly purified staphylococcal enterotoxin B in doses from 10 to 100 mug/kg. Fever was a more sensitive indicator of intoxication than was emesis. Highly purified preparations of enterotoxin A, whether administered intravenously (0.01 to 1.0 mug/kg), orally (10 to 25 mug/kg), or into the cerebral ventricles...

The production of enterotoxins A, B, and C by nine strains of Staphylococcus aureus has been studied under controlled conditions in a fermenter. The strain to strain differences between staphylococci producing a specific enterotoxin were very marked. Increasing aeration in shake flasks improved both growth and production of all extracellular proteins measured other than that of enterotoxin C, t...

The genes encoding for beta-lactamase (bla+) and resistance to metallic ions (cadmium, mercury, lead, arsenate, and arsenite) were located in a 56.2-kilobase plasmid, pZA10, isolated from a clinical strain, Staphylococcus aureus 6344. This strain produced enterotoxin B and enterotoxin C1. Elimination of pZA10 by either sodium dodecyl sulfate or heat treatment (43 degrees C) resulted in the loss...

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin, when inoculated into the ligated intestinal loop of mice, caused marked distension due to fluid accumulation. The increase in weight of the intestinal loop was proportional to the log dose of enterotoxin within a range from 1 to 16 micrograms. The fluid accumulation was arrested by washing the loop with saline or by injection of the specific anti-enterotoxin...

A sensitive and specific monoclonal antibody-based sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was established and validated for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA). After routine fusion and selection, 10 monoclonal antibodies showed high affinity for SEA. An optimal pair for sandwich ELISA was selected by pairwise interaction analysis. After optimization, the limit of de...