Structural polyamorphism has been promoted as a means for understanding the anomalous thermodynamics and dynamics of water in the experimentally inaccessible supercooled region. In the metastable liquid region, theory has hypothesized the existence of a liquid-liquid critical point from which a dividing line separates two water species of high and low density. A recent small-angle X-ray scatter...

Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 nanorods with diameters of 90±10nm and lengths of more than 2μms were prepared by a simple route at ~75oC in ambient air. The approach is based on reaction of magnesium powder and de-ionized water without the use of any harmful, toxic or corrosive reagents. Characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows single crystalline structure of Mg(O...

A significant portion of the energy consumed by home appliances that uses hot water is used for heating cold supply water. Such home appliances generally use supply water at a temperature lower than the ambient temperature. Thus, the water is normally heated from below the ambient temperature to its designed maximum temperature by the appliance, often using natural gas or an electrical heater. ...

* A lack of data on responses of mature tree growth and water use to ambient ozone (O(3)) concentrations has been a major limitation in efforts to understand and model responses of forests to current and future changes in climate. * Here, hourly to seasonal patterns of stem growth and sap flow velocity were examined in mature trees from a mixed deciduous forest in eastern Tennessee (USA) to eva...

Several optimal discharge pressure correlations for transcritical CO2 heat pump in literature have been discussed in this paper. Most of them are related to the ambient temperature, the evaporation temperature and the gas cooler outlet temperature. A revised optimal discharge pressure model as the function of ambient temperature and water outlet temperature is developed based on earlier experim...

Loblolly pine (Pin1r.s tae(/(i L.) seedlings were grown in co~npetition with native weeds using soil and seed bank collected from recently chopped and burned areas near Appornattox, Virginia. One-year-old seedlings were planted and weeds allowed to germinate from the native seed bank while being exposed to COz (ambient and elevated approximately 700 ppm) and water (water stressed and well water...

Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings were grown in competition with native weeds using soil and seed bank collected from recently chopped and burned areas near Appomattox, Virginia. One-year-old seedlings were planted and weeds allowed to germinate from the native seed bank while being exposed to CO(2) (ambient and elevated - approximately 700 ppm) and water (water stressed and well watered...

this study aimed to identify and rank the most important environmental factors for the popularity of recreational sports in iran. only those sensitive aspects of the environment to which recreational sports should react were considered in order to survive. this study was performed consecutively in two qualitative and quantitative phases by mixed heuristic method. for this purpose the experts of...