1. Salivary glands of the female ixodid tick, Dermacentor andersoni, secrete fluid in vitro when bathed in a slightly modified version of the mammalian tissue culture medium 'TC 199'. 2. Rate of salivation in vitro increases with progression of feeding, but there is no comparable increase in dry weight of the salivary glands during the early phase of engorgement. Engorged ticks secreted at only...

Objective: Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) account for 10%-15% of all intracranial arteriovenous lesions. Some dural AVFs produce ocular symptoms include proptosis, diplopia, episcleral venous engorgement, periorbital swelling, extraocular muscle limitation, visual field defect, and papillaedema. Materials and Methods: We reviewed four patients who had dural AVFs with ophthalmi...

Female Amblyomma hebraeum ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) increase their weight ∼10-fold during a 'slow phase of engorgement' (7-9 days), and a further 10-fold during the 'rapid phase' (12-24h). During the rapid phase, the cuticle thins by half, with a plastic (permanent) deformation of greater than 40% in two orthogonal directions. A stress of 2.5 MPa or higher is required to achieve this degree of de...

• Hirayama disease is characterized by progressive, yet self-limited, neurogenic wasting and weakness of the distal upper extremities. • Its pathogenesis is unclear. We present the case of a typical young man with Hirayama disease in which CT venography (CTV) of the neck in attempted neck flexion showed engorgement of the epidural venous plexus, anterior displacement of the dura, and posterior ...

The antibody responses of subjects who presented with a definite Ixodes scapularis (Say) tick bite were measured to determine the utility of the antibody response against recombinant tick calreticulin (rTC) as a biologic marker of tick exposure. Subjects bitten by I. scapularis evidenced an increase in anti-rTC antibody levels between visit 1 and visit 2 from 24.3 to 27.1 ng/microl serum (n = 8...

In 1989, a free-of-charge, statewide tick identification program was initiated in Maine, 1 yr after the first Ixodes scapularis Say (=I. dammini Spielman, Clifford, Piesman & Corwin) ticks were reported in the state. This article summarizes data from 18 continuous years of tick submissions during which >24,000 ticks of 14 species were identified. Data provided include tick stage, degree of engo...

The horse ßy Tabanus nigrovittatusMacquart (Diptera: Tabanidae), a hematophagous insect, is a nuisance pest along the Atlantic Coast. A description of the engorgement pattern throughout the season is lacking in the literature for this species. Thepercentageof ßies engorging abloodmeal in the laboratory throughout the season was recorded, and here we demonstrate that the percentage of ßies that ...

This study determined the effects of contact with DEET on guinea pig skin on mortality, probing time, blood feeding rate, engorgement time, and fecundity responses in female Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say. Exposure, in this manner, to 10% DEET (in ethanol) for 5 min, resulted in 98% mortality in mosquitoes after 24h. The median probing time (PT(50)) required by females, when exposed to 0.1%, 1.0...