This paper describes a grammar learning system that combines model-based and data-driven learning within a single framework. Our results from learning grammars using the Spoken English Corpus (SEC) suggest that combined model-based and data-driven learning can produce a more plausible grammar than is the case when using either learning style in isolation.

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This paper examines how simple changes to a search system can influence the user’s experience when using the system. In previous work, we evaluated user behaviour with a search tool designed to help people discover events distributed over a city of interest to them personally. We established, contrary to our expectations, that users mostly searched for events they already knew about, made sever...

there are two common ways to assign relative importance in spoken language: tonic prominence and thematization. the former is expressing the main points of information units in speech (halliday, 1994), and the latter is putting an element at the beginning of a clause. this study explores how relative importance is realized in english and persian. it also investigates how advanced persian learne...

In this paper, we show the first descriptive evidence of factors explaining gender wage differences from a unique questionnaire survey that was carried out on a representative sample for the Czech Republic. We observe large wage differences related to gender; without any reasons, Czech women earn on average 77.80% of men’s wages. The survey uncovers that there is a number of differences among m...

The purpose of the following study is to explore the psychological practice and racing experience of competitive distance runners. It is proposed that a new mindset called DARE state be used to describe the mental experience of athletes when they are engaged in training that encompasses a “love of challenge,” deliberate practice and flow state in the same workout or race. The presence of both d...

In this paper we present a framework to analyze conflicts of contracts written in structured English. A contract that has manually been rewritten in a structured English is automatically translated into a formal language using the Grammatical Framework (GF). In particular we use the contract language C L as a target formal language for this translation. In our framework C L specifications could...

In contrast to western countries which are experiencing declines in female enrollment in high tech engineering (HTE), Bangladesh has experienced a continuous increase in female enrollment in engineering. In order to better understand the factors driving the choice of HTE as a major, survey data was collected from 590 male and female students in HTE majors in Bangladesh. Hypotheses related to ge...

Studies on the role of 'given' and 'new' information in speech communication normally concentrate mainly on prosadie aspects like duration and fundamental frequency. Except for one study, no significant differences between 'given' and 'new' words are found. ln our study we included, unlike the other studies, spectral measurements tagether with duration and FO for vowels occurring in (the same) ...

The development of an industry is seen as the outcome of a differential game in which market shares flow in response to price differences. It is hypothesized that while all consumers eventually react to price differences, some are slower than others. If scale advantages have some influence on marginal costs around average market share, then, under reasonable conditions, only st'ewed size distri...