background: radiotherapy treatment planning requires different dosimetric quantities as input in order to calculate a desired dose distribution. this study has been focused to evaluate the depth dose characteristics of superficial x-rays being used for radiotherapy treatment. materials and methods: computerized 3-d water phantom of multi-data system was used. the measurements were made through ...

the objective of this study was to validate the use of bone mineral measurements of the calcaneus bone by dual x-ray and laser (dxl) in a cross-sectional study carried out in an osteoporosis clinic. measurements of bone mineral density (bmd) at proximal femur and spine were obtained by dual-energy photon x-ray absorptiometry (dexa). osteoporosis was defined by a dexa t-score <-2.5 at the femora...

limn2o4 spinel cathode materials have been successfully synthesized by solid-state reaction. surface of these particles were modified by nanostructured lifepo4 via sol gel dip coating method. synthesized products were characterized by thermally analyzed by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis(tg/dta), x-ray diffraction (xrd), scanning electron microscopy (sem), and energy dispers...

cd1-xmnxs (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2) nanoparticles, prepared by co-precipitation method under ultrasonic irradiation, were studied by means of x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, ftir and uv-vis  spectroscopy measurements. the average particle size of nanoparticles from the scanning electron microscopy image is about 20-30 nm. results show that partial substitution of cd by mn leads to a re...

in current work, cds/black carbon nanocomposites were successfully synthesized with the aid of chestnut and cadmium nitrate as the starting reagents. besides, the effects of preparation parameters such as reaction time, and precursor concentration on the morphology of products and removal of heavy metals (hg+2, pb+2) were studied by scanning electron microscopy images and batch adsorption mode....

in this article vanadium boride nanopowder was synthesized by mechanochemical reduction method in a high-energy ball mill. the synthesized powders were studied by x-ray diffraction (xrd), scanning electron microscopy (sem), xray map and transmission electron microscopy (tem). according to x-ray diffraction the product predominantly consists of vb phases after 100 min milling without further hea...