A unified interface that can seamlessly merge real/virtual spaces or local/remote spaces are presented as a bi-directional energy interface. An arbitrary system consisted of real/virtual objects has some energy connections between the objects of the system. These energy connections can be simply described by bond graphs. Using the mathematical modeling derived from the bond graphs of the system...

The using of double heat pipe based heat exchanger (HPHX) in a conventional fully fresh air air-conditioning (AC) system was examined in the present study. The fabricated HPHXs were tested under the actual conditions and the measured data were used to study the performance of the existing AC system (System A) and AC system equipped with the double HPHX (System B) for a yearly operation through ...

in this paper, a study and design of energy conservation actions and the obtention of energy efficiency titles, according to the italian ministerial decree 20th july 2004, applied to lighting and electrical systemsin a school district managed by perugia province (italy), is presented.specifically, the analysis regarded the replacement of neon lamps with high efficiency ones, and the power facto...

This study addresses a stochastic structure for generation companies (GenCoʼs) that participate in hydro-thermal self-scheduling with a wind power plant on short-term scheduling for simultaneous reserve energy and energy market. In stochastic scheduling of HTSS with a wind power plant, in addition to various types of uncertainties such as energy price, spinning /non-spinning reserve prices, unc...

Carbon nanostructures are famous structures which are used in several industries such as separation, treatment, energy storage (i.e. methane and hydrogen storage), etc. A successful modeling of activated carbon preparation is very important in saving time and money. There are some attempts to achieve the appropriate theoretical modeling of activated carbon preparation but most of them were almo...