Iodine is an essential trace element whose only confirmed function concerns the formation of thyroid hormones. Our knowledge of the disorders caused by deficiencies in the dietary supply of many trace elements has markedly increased only during the last decade. Iodine is one exception to this rule. The role played by iodine deficiency in the etiology of disorders of the thyroid gland and in par...

Background Endemic goiter is present in most parts of Iran. Iron deficiency adversely affects the physiology of thyroid. The initial steps of thyroid hormone synthesis are catalyzed by thyroperoxidases and are dependent on iron. In many developing countries, children are at high risk of both goiter and iron deficiency anemia. In addition, iron deficiency may alter central nervous system contro...

BACKGROUND In tuberculosis (TB) endemic parts of the world, patients with pulmonary symptoms are managed as "smear-negative TB patients" if they do not improve on a two-week presumptive, broad-spectrum course of antibiotic treatment even if they are TB microscopy smear negative. These patients are frequently HIV positive and have a higher mortality than smear-positive TB patients. Lack of acces...

Iodine deficiency is well known as a cause of several disorders such as endemic goiter and cretinism, along with a wide spectrum of psychoneurologic development disorders including endemic mental deficiency, which are generally correlated with damage to the fetus. Since as much as 40% of the Tanzanian population is at risk for iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) because they live in iodine-defici...

OBJECTIVE In this study we investigate the possible relation of thyroid dysfunction and thyroid antibodies to hyperemesis gravidarum. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-seven patients with hyperemesis gravidarum and 33 healthy controls have been included in this study. RESULTS Thyroid dysfunction was significantly more common than in controls (38% vs 6%, p=0.002). Thyroglobulin antibodies were als...

Knowledge of the effect of differences in iodine intake levels on public health in areas with no endemic goiter is limited. Groups at risk when iodine intake is relatively low are pregnant and lactating women and their newborns. A prospective randomized study was performed to evaluate the effect of iodine supplementation in an area where the median daily iodine excretion in urine is around 50 m...

Our study aims to clarify the population nutrient status in locations with different levels of iodine in the water in China; to choose effective measurements of water improvement(finding other drinking water source of iodine not excess) or non-iodised salt supply or combinations thereof; to classify the areas of elevated water iodine levels and the areas with endemic goiter; and to evaluate the...

  In this cross-sectional study, 932 school boys and 927 school girls,6-10 years old of Khorramabad, Lorestan were selected randomly by proportionate multi-stage cluster sampling method. All students underwent clinical examination for presence of Goiter with the method and criteria recommended by world health organization ( WHO). Age specific prevalence rates of Goiter in boys 6 through 10 yea...

A PATIENT was found to have a mediastin-al inass on a routine chest x-ray. The inat-Lne of the lesion, anl intrathoracic. goiter, was determined only after several diagnostie procedures. In r etrospect, the correct diagnosis could have been made during the initial physical examiniationi by mleanis of the Valsalva mnaneuver. A seconid patienit was reeelntly seeni with a sinmilar lesion. The Vals...