Over the last few years, we have seen tremendous growth in use of robots in the manufacturing and material handling sectors. The latest industry statistics report shows a 40% growth in use of robot systems. At the same time we have also seen tremendous economic growth and increased new employment in the same sectors. Companies such as Apple, Lenovo, Flextronics and HP have re-shored major manuf...

The employment is a requisite if one wants to have a normal life, decent meals and a place to stay; it socializes the people and gives them some survival and esteem feeling in the society. Besides that Employment boosts personal well fear, morale integrity and self confidence. In India economy is diverse where employees are employed in agriculture, handicraft, a wide range of modern industries,...

In the past decade the number of studies in labour market dynamics has proliferated. Especially the papers by Davis and Haltiwanger ~1990, 1992! on job creation and job destruction in the USA were followed by a host of studies on job flows in other countries. Examples include Burda and Wyplosz ~1994! for a number of European countries, Leonard and Van Audenrode ~1993! for Belgium and Blanchflow...

China has become the world’s largest carbon dioxide (CO2) emitter. Sectoral production activities promote economic development while also adding considerably to national CO2 emissions. Due to their different sectoral structures, each region shows different levels of economic development and CO2 emissions. The Chinese government hopes to achieve the dual objectives of economic growth and CO2 emi...

In times of economic austerity, governments faced with declining revenues and political restraints on increasing taxes, must resort to major budgetary cutbacks. However, relatively little is known about how the governments of developing countries make expenditure decisions, or perhaps more importantly, how they trade off between consumption and investment or between functional categories of exp...

Studies analysing welfare have previously focused on countries as units. In the course of pension cuts and the increasing importance of occupational welfare, our traditional understanding of a homogeneous welfare state is being challenged. In this article, I distinguish between both economic individual power (employee skills) and political collective power (trade unions), and their relation wit...