Adrenal insufficiency is an important and potentially life-threatening condition that may present to the emergency department. Seven clinical scenarios of adrenal insufficiency that the emergency physician should be able to recognize and confidently manage are reviewed. Epidemiology and mortality, etiology, and pathophysiology are addressed. Clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of a...

First epileptic seizure is a common reason for attending the emergency department. Its management is focused on diagnosis of the episode and on identification and treatment of the underlying cause. Occasionally, anti-epileptic treatment will be required. However, when the seizure is prolonged - a condition known as status epilepticus - it becomes a life-threatening process and requires immediat...

Patients with cardiac arrests or who die in general wards have often received delayed or inadequate care. Medical emergency teams (METs) are trained medical professionals that respond quickly to a change in a patient’s condition based on the premise that early intervention may prevent further deterioration and/or death. We investigated whether implementation of a medical emergency team (MET) sy...

Appendicitis is a common condition requiring emergency surgery. About 7% of people will develop appendicitis sometime during their lifetime. Most cases occur in adolescents and young adults, with the incidence in men being slightly higher than in women. Although the diagnosis is clinically clear in classic presentations, it still remains elusive in atypical presentations; after missed myocardia...

Bedside ultrasound is a useful tool to the clinician evaluating a possible emergency medical condition. The use of ultrasound by clinicians, from emergency physicians to surgeons to family practice physicians, is increasing. With increased use, unusual or unexpected findings will occur. The clinician-sonographer should be aware of the potential limitations as well as the possible incidental fin...

BACKGROUND The Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) Geriatric Emergency Medicine Task Force recommends assessment of delirium for all elderly emergency department (ED) patients. Little is known about emergency physicians' (EPs) opinions regarding care of delirious elderly patients. We sought to determine the knowledge and practice experience of members of the Thai Association for Emer...

Using bottom outlets for drain and regulation of water level in reservior has significant importance in performance mahagment of dam. Amount of service and emergency gates opening have important role in pressure, velocity and discharge coefficient variations and finally dam performance. In the present research, flow aeration between emergency and service gates was studied with different hydraul...

The life of many people in the world is under the danger because of the accidents and unpredicted diseases, which require relief. Since, most of such cases occur in unpredictable condition, for an appropriate planning, the uncertain conditions should be investigated. Consequently, this paper investigates the integrated and multi-step process of locating, assigning and routing the air and la...

Background: Hemorrhoids are one of the most common perianal diseases. They have several surgical and non-surgical treatment methods. Among surgical procedures, Stapler hemorrhoidopexy method has recently gained widespread acceptance. Hemorrhoidopexy with a circular stapler usually has a series of common and mild complications and a few rare and life-threatening complications such as rectal perf...