Background and Objective: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the end choice treatment for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Regarding researches that show NMDA receptor inactivation could yield the same results as anti-depressant drugs, however, the present study examined co-administration of ECT and ketamine (as NMDA antagonist) on depressed rat behaviors.   Materials and Methods...

Background and Objective: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the effective and less complicated methods for treatment of depression in cases of resistance to common treatments. Given the fundamental role of pre-frontal cortex on changing the mood of depression-related behaviors in depressed patients, the effects of electroconvulsive therapy on enzymatic activity of this cortex were taken...

Introduction: Application of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for the induction of generalized seizure was first introduced in 1938. It is applied for disorders as severe depression particularly for cases which do not respond to drug therapy, or during pregnancy when medication is detrimental to the fetus. The debate on the effect of ECT on blood glucose level is still contradictory. However, st...