total parenteral nutrition (tpn) has a vital role in controlling nutritional deficiencies especially in patients with critical conditions who are confined to bed in intensive care unit (icu). complete evaluation of the nutritional status of these patients is necessary to achieve their nutritional goal. the aim of this investigation was to study the complete blood count (cbc), coagulation parame...

The corrosion morphology in grade 2205 duplex stainless steel wire was studied to understand the nature of pitting and causes ferrite phase’s selective acidic (pH 3) NaCl solutions at 60 °C. It is shown that mechanism always pitting, which either manifests lacy cover perforation or densely arrayed cavities developing selectively on phase. Pits with a metal form concentrated chloride solutions, ...

We address the issue of the self energy of the mobile ions in electrolyte solutions within a general Gaussian renormalized fluctuation theory using a field-theoretic approach. We introduce the Born radii of the ions in the form of a charge distribution allowing for different Born radii between the cations and anions. The model thus automatically yields a theory free of divergences and accounts ...

Ion-specific solvation has fundamental implications in biochemistry, and the thermodynamics and dynamics of aqueous salt solutions have correspondingly been investigated intensively. Nonetheless, there are fundamental unresolved issues in modeling the dynamics of aqueous salt solutions and the related problem of polymers dissolved in these solutions. In particular, experiments show that the sel...

Water and electrolyte solutions were exposed for 5 min to a weak static magnetic field (B = 15 mT). Their conductivity and the amount of evaporated water were then measured as a function of time. Simultaneously, these quantities were determined for magnetically untreated samples, as reference systems. It was found that a magnetic field influences these two parameters and their changes depend on...

Despite tremendous potential of highly sensitive electronic detection of biomolecules by nanoscale biosensors for genomics and proteomic applications, many aspects of experimentally observed sensor response (S) are difficult to understand within isolated theoretical frameworks of kinetic response or electrolyte screening. In this paper, we combine analytic solutions of Poisson-Boltzmann and dif...

The ability to store large quantities of energy generated by renewable, but intermittent, sources like solar or wind in systems integrated within the country’s electrical grid is critical to the reduction of CO2 emissions and slowing the rate of global warming. Among the energy storage technologies under consideration, redox flow batteries are promising candidates. While large-scale installatio...

A molecular Debye-Hückel theory for electrolyte solutions with size asymmetry is developed, where the dielectric response of an electrolyte solution is described by a linear combination of Debye-Hückel-like response modes. As the size asymmetry of an electrolyte solution leads to a charge imbalanced border zone around a solute, the dielectric response to the solute is characterized by two types...

, Abstract Results of the laboratory reclamation of four sodic soils by the high salt water dilution method are reported. The exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of all soils was decreased by leaching with solutions of decreasing sodium but constant calcium concentration. Although a final leaching with water of low electrolyte concentration (EC,, < 100 micromhos/cm) did not produce a rapid dec...