Contact electrification creates an invisible mark, overlooked and often undetected by conventional surface spectroscopic measurements. It impacts our daily lives macroscopically during electrostatic discharge and is equally relevant on the nanoscale in areas such as soft lithography, transfer, and printing. This report describes a new conceptual approach to studying and utilizing contact electr...

E CONOMIC and environmental incentives, as well as advances in information and control technologies, are reshaping the traditional view of transportation systems. The emergence of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) has shown that electrification is a clear trend to improve performance, efficiency, and sustainability of transportation systems since elec...

Although many theories have been reported as to the cause of venous thrombus, the three factors listed and explained by Virchow a re still widely accepted. Various experimental studies have been done based upon the assumption that the disturbance in blood vessel intima was the main causing factor for the formation of thrombus due to mechanical or chemical injuries to the intima. A report wa'l m...

A new instrument, the Absolute Charge Sensor (ACS), has been developed that measures the net charge density entrdned in a fluid flow, independent of the fluid’s electrical properties, velocity, and any electrification processes within the instrument. Through a shielded sampling probe, the ACS periodically transfers a small volume of charged fluid to an electrically isolated Faraday cage with no...

There are still residents without access to electricity in some remote and less developed areas of China, which lead to low living standards and hinder sustainable development for these residents. In order to achieve the strategic targets of solving China’s energy poverty, realizing basic energy service equalization, and comprehensively building up a moderately prosperous society, several polic...

Surfaces of dielectrics (insulators) often become charged following contact with metals, semiconductors, and dielectrics with or without rubbing. The mechanism and participants in the charge transfer (electrons or ions), although widely investigated, are still controversial. Whereas the identity of the charge carrier cannot be distinguished by electrostatic measurements, we have recently found ...

Abstract—Standalone micro-hydrokinetic river (MHR) system is one of the promising technologies to be used for remote rural electrification. It simply requires the flow of water instead of elevation or head, leading to expensive civil works. This paper demonstrates an economic benefit offered by a standalone MHR system when compared to the commonly used standalone systems such as solar, wind and...