Muscle-driven simulations of human and animal motion are widely used to complement physical experiments for studying movement dynamics. Musculotendon models are an essential component of muscle-driven simulations, yet neither the computational speed nor the biological accuracy of the simulated forces has been adequately evaluated. Here we compare the speed and accuracy of three musculotendon mo...

The standard model of optimal growth, interpreted as a model of a market economy with infinitely long-lived agents, does not allow separation of the savings decisions of agents from the investment decisions of firms. Investment is essentially passive: the "one good" assumption leads to a perfectly elastic investment supply; the absence of installation costs for investment leads to a perfectly e...

| Consider a set of users sharing a network node under an allocation scheme that provides each user with a xed minimum and a random extra amount of bandwidth and buuer. Allocations and prices are adjusted to adapt to resource availability and user demands. Equilibrium is achieved when all users optimize their utility and demand equals supply for non-free resources. We analyze two models of user...

It is shown that every bounded strictly increasing smooth positive function of sufficiently slow growth is the Jacobian of a radial hole creating equilibrium deformation for an appropriately constructed compressible nonlinearly elastic energy.

The general multimodal network equilibrium problem with elastic balanced demand is studied. This problem is a combination of trip distribution, modal split and trip assignment problems. The problem is approached from an asymmetric network equilibrium point of view with side constraints. The balances for travel demand are taken as side constraints. These balances do not guarantee that the proble...

Consider a set of connections sharing a network node under an allocation scheme that provides each connection with a fixed minimum and a random extra amount of bandwidth and buffer. Allocations and prices are adjusted to adapt to resource availability y and user demands. We consider two scenarios of user behavior. In the first scenario a connection purchases an allocation to maximize its expect...

We study the relaxation of an elastic string in a two dimensional pinning landscape using Langevin dynamics simulations. The relaxation of a line, initially flat, is characterized by a growing length, L(t), separating the equilibrated short length scales from the flat long distance geometry that keep memory of the initial condition. We find that, in the long time limit, L(t) has a non–algebraic...

We consider a variational model introduced in the physical literature to describe the epitaxial growth of an elastic film over a rigid substrate, when a lattice mismatch between the two materials is present. We establish the regularity of volume constrained local minimizers of the total energy, proving in particular the so called zero contact-angle condition between the film and the substrate.

The chemical equilibrium distribution of point defects modeled as non-overlapping, spherical inclusions with purely positive dilatational eigenstrain in an isotropically elastic solid is derived. The compressive self-stress inside existing inclusions must be excluded from the stress dependence of the equilibrium concentration of the point defects, because it does no work when a new inclusion is...