In a mobile ad hoc network (MANET), how to maximize the utilization of the limited bandwidth while maintaining fairness among the contending nodes is one of the most challenging issues due to the hidden terminal problem in a multihop scenario. In CSMA/CA-based IEEE 802.11, Carrier Sensing (CS), Collision Avoidance (CA), and Contention Resolution (CR), the three main components of the protocol, ...

This article presents a theoretical modeling of an ad hoc network scenario that shows that a great inequity can appear in medium access between nodes using the IEEE 802.11 DCF mode. Numerical results confirm that both asynchronism and Extended Inter Frame Spacing (EIFS) use perturbate the equity between mobiles in wireless networks. Key-words: IEEE 802.11b, performace evaluation, Mobile ad-hoc ...

The HIV protease inhibitor indinavir adversely impairs carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, whereas its influence on protein metabolism under in vivo conditions remains unknown. The present study tested the hypothesis that indinavir also decreases basal protein synthesis and impairs the anabolic response to insulin in skeletal muscle. Indinavir was infused intravenously for 4 h into conscious rat...

Abstract. The Function Points Analysis (FPA) of A.J. Albrecht is a method to determine the functional size of software products. The International Function Point Users Group, (IFPUG), establishes the FPA like a standard in the software functional size measurement. The IFPUG [3] [4] method follows the Albrecht’s method and incorporates in its succesive versions modifications to the rules and hin...

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is an enterovirus of the family of Picornaviridae. The Group B coxsackieviruses include six serotypes (B1 to B6) that cause a variety of human diseases, including myocarditis, meningitis, and diabetes. Among the group B, the B3 strain is mostly studied for its cardiovirulence and its ability to cause acute and persistent infections. Translation initiation of CVB3 RNA ha...

The present study examined potential mechanisms contributing to the inhibition of protein synthesis in skeletal muscle after administration of endotoxin (LPS). Rats implanted with vascular catheters were injected intravenously with a nonlethal dose of Escherichia coli LPS, and samples were collected at 4 and 24 h thereafter; pair-fed control animals were also included. The rate of muscle (gastr...

In this paper, a strain-intensity-factor-based method is proposed to calculate the fatigue crack growth under the fully reversed loading condition. A theoretical analysis is conducted in detail to demonstrate that the strain intensity factor is likely to be a better driving parameter correlated with the fatigue crack growth rate than the stress intensity factor (SIF), especially for some metall...

Translation initiation is a critical early step in the replication cycle of the positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome of noroviruses, a major cause of gastroenteritis in humans. Norovirus RNA, which has neither a 5´ m7G cap nor an internal ribosome entry site (IRES), adopts an unusual mechanism to initiate protein synthesis that relies on interactions between the VPg protein covalently att...

BACKGROUND A prerequisite of hypertrophic response of the myocardium is an increase in protein synthesis. A central regulator of translation initiation is Eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B). Here we assessed the hypothesis that regulation of protein synthesis via eIF2Bε is essential to cardiac hypertrophic response in vivo. METHODS Two transgenic mouse lines were generated with cardiac r...

Lang, Charles H., Robert A. Frost, Angus C. Nairn, David A. MacLean, and Thomas C. Vary. TNFimpairs heart and skeletal muscle protein synthesis by altering translation initiation. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 282: E336–E347, 2002. First published 2 October 2001; 10.1152/ ajpendo.00366.2001.—This study examined potential mechanisms contributing to the inhibition of protein synthesis in skeletal...