In this paper we present a new 128-bit block cipher called Square. The original design of Square concentrates on the resistance against differential and linear cryptanalysis. However, after the initial design a dedicated attack was mounted that forced us to augment the number of rounds. The goal of this paper is the publication of the resulting cipher for public scrutiny. A C implementation of ...

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We say that a partial word w over an alphabet A is square-free if every factor xx of w such that x and x are compatible is either of the form ⋄a or a⋄ where ⋄ is a hole and a ∈ A. We prove that there exist uncountably many square-free partial words over a ternary alphabet with an infinite number of holes.

The problem of parameter estimation in linear model is pervasive in signal processing and communication applications. It is often common to restrict attention to linear estimators, which simplifies the implementation as well as the mathematical derivations. The simplest design scenario is when the second order statistics of the parameters to be estimated are known and it is desirable to minimiz...

In the article the formal characterization of square-free numbers is shown; in this manner the paper is the continuation of [19]. Essentially, we prepared some lemmas for convenient work with numbers (including the proof that the sequence of prime reciprocals diverges [1]) according to [18] which were absent in the Mizar Mathematical Library. Some of them were expressed in terms of clusters’ re...

Given a set P of n points in the plane, we seek two squares whose center points belong to P , their union contains P , and the area of the larger square is minimal. We present eecient algorithms for three variants of this problem: In the rst the squares are axis parallel, in the second they are free to rotate but must remain parallel to each other, and in the third they are free to rotate indep...

The Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm, introduced by Widrow and Hoff in 1959 [12] is an adaptive algorithm, which uses a gradient-based method of steepest decent [10]. LMS algorithm uses the estimates of the gradient vector from the available data. LMS incorporates an iterative procedure that makes successive corrections to the weight vector in the direction of the negative of the gradient vect...

We show that the operations of permuting columns and rows separately and independently mix a square matrix in constant time.

In the square packing problem, the goal is to pack squares of different sizes into the smallest number of bins (squares) of uniform size. We introduce an almostonline square packing algorithm which places squares in an online, sequential manner. In doing so, it receives advice of logarithmic size from an offline oracle which runs in linear time. Our algorithm achieve a competitive ratio of at m...

We introduce a new geometric tool for analyzing groups of finite au-tomata. To each finite automaton we associate a square complex. The square complex is covered by a product of two trees iff the automaton is bi-reversible. Using this method we give examples of free groups and of Kazhdan groups which are generated by the different states of one finite (bi-reversible) automaton. We also reproduc...