While toxins from aquatic cyanobacteria are a well-recognised cause of disease in birds and animals, exposure of grazing livestock to terrestrial cyanobacteria has not been described. This study identified terrestrial cyanobacteria, predominantly Phormidium spp., in the biofilm of plants from most livestock fields investigated. Lower numbers of other cyanobacteria, microalgae and fungi were pre...

By using the equivalence between metric and Palatini f(R) (or “modified”) gravities with ω = 0,−3/2 Brans-Dicke theories, it is shown that the EhlersGeren-Sachs theorem of general relativity is extended to modified gravity. In the case of metric f(R) gravity studied before, this agrees with previous literature.

This paper presents a novel approach to solve multiclass classification problems using pure evolutionary techniques. The proposed approach is called Evolution of Geometric Structures algorithm, and consists in the evolution of several geometric structures such as hypercubes, hyperspheres, hyperoctahedrons, etc. to obtain a first division of the samples space, which will be re-evolved in a secon...

A Theory of Employment Guarantees: Contestability, Credibility and Distributional Concerns* This paper develops a theory of employment guarantees when labour markets are imperfect and when the credibility of government policy announcements could be in doubt. The basic feature of an EGS is that any individual who satisfies a set of specified criteria is guaranteed public employment at a given wa...

Hot Dry Rock (HDR) is the most potential renewable geothermal energy in future. Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) effective method for development and utilization of HDR resources, fractures are main flow channels one important conditions studying heat transfer process EGS. Therefore, mechanism EGS have been hot spots research. Due to particularity mathematical models transfer, research this fie...

This paper presents a systematic methodology for sustainable process systems design, combining the principles of industrial ecology, process design and process integration, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and multi-objective optimization (MOO). The superstructure considers an extended decision perimeter and embeds models based either on flowsheeting software or average market technologies, for whic...

It is well accepted that diagrams play a crucial role in human reasoning. But in mathematics, diagrams are most often only used for visualizations, but it is doubted that diagrams are rigor enough to play an essential role in a proof. This paper takes the opposite point of view: It is argued that rigor formal logic can carried out with diagrams. In order to do that, it is first analyzed which p...

In April 2010, the Deepwater Horizon oil rig caught fire and exploded, releasing almost 5 million barrels of oil into the Gulf of Mexico over the ensuing 3 months. Thousands of oil spill workers participated in the spill response and clean-up efforts. The GuLF STUDY being conducted by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences is an epidemiological study to investigate potential ad...