The African red mite (Eutetranychus africanus [Tucker]) is an important pest species of some economic plants. objective the present study was to evaluate effectiveness nanoemulsions consisting citronella grass, lemongrass, clove, and cinnamon essential oils their main chemical compounds against mite; toxicity, egg-laying inhibition, repellent effect on were determined. Essential oil (nEOs) prep...

1. The gypsy moth is one of many early spring-feeding Lepidoptera that have outbreaks. Previous work has revealed that mortality from natural enemies varied between egg hatch dates separated by only a few weeks. However, this phenology e€ect was confounded with density di€erences caused by di€erential dispersal and early larval survival of the releases. 2. Five di€erent densities of larvae were...

The effects in the chicken embryo assay of four Alternaria metabolites (alternariol [AOH], alternariol methyl ether [AME], altenuene [ALT], and tenuazonic acid [TA]) were investigated. Administered to 7-day-old chicken embryos by yolk sac injection, AOH, AME, and ALT caused no mortality or teratogenic effect at doses up to 1,000, 500, and 1,000 micrograms per egg, respectively. TA exhibited a c...

Abstract Background Dietary recommendations regarding egg intake remain controversial topic for public health. We hypothesized that there was a positive association between consumption and all-cause mortality. Methods To test this hypothesis, we enrolled 9885 adults from community-based cohort in Anhui Province, China during 2003–05. Egg assessed by food questionnaire. Stratified analyses were ...

Edema and cardiovascular dysfunction occur in vertebrates exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) during early development. This study examined cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) induction in endothelium and its possible association with mortality due to the edema and vascular effects of TCDD in lake trout early life stages. Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) eggs were injected at 24-50 hr ...

A study was conducted to determine the relationships between egg and newly hatched larvae Ž . sizes and growth and survival of Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baeri during early stages of development. We hypothesised that this may lead to improved rearing techniques and hatchery Ž . management. Eggs mean size 2.8–4.1 mm were obtained from 20 cultured 13–14 years old Ž . females. There was a positiv...

This study aimed at evaluating the effect of dietary calcium levels and the replacement of calcium sources with different particle size compositions on the performance and egg quality of brown layers in their second egg production cycle. A randomized block experimental design was applied with 12 treatments in a 3x4 factorial arrangement: three calcium levels (2.6, 3.2, 3.8 %) and four combinati...

The NI artificial diet is the only known successful diet for mass rearing the western tarnished plant bug, Lygus hesperus Knight (Hemiptera: Miridae). This diet has been used for more than a decade. However, because it contains cooked chicken egg, and thus requires laborious preparation (Cohen 2000), this diet is difficult to use. Three modifications (D1, D2, D3) of the NI diet were investigate...