Purpose – This study aims to better understand individuals’ motives for contributing knowledge in an online community. Design/methodology/approach – An integrated model is developed based on a motivational model and social cognitive theory. To validate the model two online communities: the Electronic Engineering Times in Taiwan and China were surveyed. Findings – It was found that both perceive...

BACKGROUND Alkoxyethanols (ethylene glycol alkyl ethers) are used as mixtures in a variety of industrial and household products. The aim of this study has been to evaluate the effects of 2-methoxyethanol (ME) and 2-ethoxyethanol (EE) on hematological changes induced by 2-butoxyethanol (BE) in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Experiments were performed on male Wistar rats treated subcutaneously with...

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and adipokines have been implicated in breast cancer. This study investigated a possible link between COX-2 and adipokines in the development of mammary tumors. A model of environmental enrichment (EE), known to reduce tumor growth was used for a syngeneic murine model of mammary carcinoma. 3-week-old, female C57BL/6 mice were housed in standard environment (SE) or EE c...

This study compared strategies to equalize the volume of aerobic exercise performed with different intensities by Wistar rats, based on the distance covered during exercise bouts and energy expenditure (EE, isocaloric sessions) obtained from oxygen uptake (V̇O2) or respiratory exchange ratio (RER). Thirty-three male rats (270.5±12.8 g) underwent maximal exercise tests to determine V̇O2 reserve (V̇...

When making decisions, we are often forced to choose between something safe we have chosen before, and something unknown to us that is inherently risky, but may provide a better long-term outcome. This problem is known as the Exploitation-Exploration (EE) Trade-Off. Most previous studies on the EE Trade-Off have relied on response data, leading to some ambiguity over whether uncertainty leads t...

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is one of the most propitious technologies with many applications ranging from health care to tactical military applications. Although Wireless Sensor Networks have many attractive features like low cost, low complexity and low power consumption WSNs are vulnerable to Distributed Denial-ofService (DDoS) attacks due to its broadcast nature of communication and limit...

Previously results have been shown that chronic methamphetamine causes dependence, withdrawal syndrome and drug craving. Also, environmental enrichment (EE) has been shown protective effects in several animal models of addiction. This study evaluated effect of the EE on the anxiety-depression profile and voluntary METH consumption in METH-dependent rats after abstinence. The rats were chronical...

AIMS Although peak may have higher sensitivity than post-treadmill exercise echocardiography (EE) for the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD), its prognostic value remains unknown. We sought to assess the relative values of peak and post-EE for predicting outcome in patients with known/suspected CAD. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 2947 patients who underwent EE. Wall motion score index...

BACKGROUND Standard treatment for patients with erosive esophagitis (EE) is proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), but some patients are resistant to PPIs. We aimed to evaluate the acid-inhibitory effects and efficacy of a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker (vonoprazan) in patients with PPI-resistant EE. METHODS This randomized, double-blind, multicenter study of vonoprazan evaluated gastric an...