background: poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon that can be defined in both economic and social terms. the paper attempts to review existing evidence to understand the relation between poverty and ill health in the context of the limited conceptual and operational definitions of these terms. the paper uses two of hills criteria- reversibility and dose response relationship to understand th...

This study empirically analyzes the determinants of regional labor migration in Japan, where small towns are disappearing due to shortage labor. Using spatial models origin–destination flows and considering network effects economic structures, we obtain results more consistent with standard theory, compared previous studies. In particular, find that decisions based on motivations high (low) une...

the growth of regional trade blocks has been one of the major developments in international relations in recent years. regional agreements vary widely but, all have the objective of reducing barriers to trade between member countries that in most cases result in increasingly trade flows and economic growth. this paper attempts to explore the results of trade integration in eco, eu and oic block...

The present study attempts to examine the factors contributing to modernism of the youth in Shoshtar city. In the research the degree of modernism and the relationship between education, job status, the use of mass media, social and economic status and the degree of faith were evaluated. The data were collected through a questionnaire. The population was all the youth in Shoshtar 400 people wer...

At the World summit for social development in Copenhagen in 1995 the member states committed themselves to “creating an economic, political, social, cultural and legal environment that will enable people to achieve social development” (Commitment 1). This overall commitment was followed by nine additional commitments, which to a large extent can be seen as means to achieve social development; o...

The Bretton Woods Institutions, and lately the World Trade Organisation, have all been accused of representing narrow Western economic interests and ignoring important elements of culture and local conditions in their policies towards the developing countries. In drafting ‘one-fit-for-all’ strategies and conditionalities they have paid little attention to existing governance structures and have...