نتایج جستجو برای: ecmwf
تعداد نتایج: 1644 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
[1] In this study, the midlatitude cloud fields produced by a climate (GISS) and a weather (ECMWF) model are evaluated against satellite observations. Monthly ensembles of model cloud property distributions for the four seasons are compared with similar ensembles from satellite retrievals. The weather model is run in both forecast and ‘‘climate’’ mode in order to evaluate the importance of the ...
تعیین دمای هوا در بسیاری از محاسبات ترازنامه آب و انرژی، مدلسازی هیدرولوژیکی و مطالعات هواشناسی و کشاورزی نقش مهمی دارد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف معرفی دو پایگاه بازتحلیل داده هواشناسی ECMWF و MERRA و ارزیابی عملکرد آنها در برآورد دمای هوای بیشینه، کمینه و میانگین روزانه انجام شد. به این منظور، اطلاعات روزانه دمای بیشینه، کمینه و میانگین دوازده ایستگاه اندازهگیری دما در سطح حوضه آبریز رودخانه حله وا...
Available rawinsonde, automatic weather station (AWS), ship, and synthesized long-term observations are used to evaluate the Antarctic numerical analyses of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and the U.S. National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) from 1985 to 1994. Twice-daily variations in the ECMWF surface pressure analyses compare closely with AWS units...
Article history: Received 28 April 2008 Received in revised form 2 October 2008 Accepted 3 December 2008 Latent heatflux in the South China Sea (SCS)mainly based on the Tropical RainMeasuringMission Microwave Imager (TMI) is comparedwith the Objectively Analyzed air-sea heat Fluxes (OAFlux), theGoddard Satellite-BasedSurface Turbulent Fluxes, version2 (GSSTF2), the JapaneseOcean Flux Data Sets ...
This paper presents the revision and evaluation of the interface between the convective parameterization by Emanuel and Živković-Rothman and the Lagrangian particle dispersion model “FLEXPART” based on meteorological data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The convection scheme relies on the ECMWF grid-scale temperature and humidity and provides a matrix necess...
Editorial ECMWF regularly reviews the impact that various observing system data has on the forecast. A recent series of such observing system experiments are reported in the first article (page 2). In January 1997, there were severe floods in Greece due to torrential rainfalls over 12/13 J a n u a r y. The ECMWF forecast for that period is discussed on page 9. Three more reports in the ECMWF Te...
A new tropopause definition, based on a flow-dependent blending of the traditional thermal tropopause with one based on potential vorticity, has been developed. The benefits of such a blending algorithm are most apparent in regions with synoptic scale fluctuations between tropical and extratropical airmasses. The properties of the local airmass determine the relative contributions to the locati...
The distribution of the daily wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index in the 40-yr ECMWF ReAnalysis (ERA-40) is significantly negatively skewed. Dynamical and statistical analyses both suggest that this skewness reflects the presence of two distinct regimes—referred to as ‘‘Greenland blocking’’ and ‘‘subpolar jet.’’ Changes in both the relative occurrence and in the structure of the r...
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