Theoretical models of the statistical characteristics lidar echo signal have been developed to interpret results optical sounding heavily eutrophicated water bodies. Formulas are obtained for calculating statistically average value and coefficient variation energy elastic backscattering coming from near-surface layer with randomly inhomogeneous absorption scattering coefficients. Examples depen...

mrs method is one of the new geophysical methods that directly detects the groundwater. by using this method, one can determines some parameters of aquifer (porosity, permeability and transmissivity). the purpose of this research is the application of mrs method in the conductive ground. combination of mrs and rs method is used for better detection of the aquifer in the region of abyek located ...

We have developed a miniature high-power impulse transmitter for radio-echo sounding of glaciers. It features two synchronous second break-down pulse generators operating in a differential configuration. Specifications include bipolar 550 V pulses having rise times less than 2 ns, 512 Hz repetition rate, 180 mA at 10-14 V d.c. operating power, 5 mA standby current and maximum dimension of 12 cm...